trivia lab exam q Flashcards
what is the law of segregation?
alleles pairs separate or segregate during formation
you have a selectively permeable membrane, that is permeable to water and glucose. inside the selectively permeable membrane, you have 25% sucrose and 25% glucose solution, emerged in 2 liters water. within the bag there is a tube that leads out of the water. will any of the molecules move? if so, in which direction will they move?
water will move into the bag, pushing the sucrose up the tube. Glucose will move out of the bag into the water. sucrose will remain in the bag but move up the tube due to osmotic pressure.
what organelles are found only in animal cells? and what organelles are found only in plant cells?
In animal cells: centrioles
in plant cells: cell wall, chloroplasts and central vacuole.
what substance is used to detect for the presence of starch?
Iodine
does Iodine have the ability to test for glucose (monomers that make up starch)?
No, it does not
you have a 10mm drawing and the actual size of the specimen is 2mm, what is the magnification of your drawing?
10/2 = magnification of 5X
what are the four stages of cellular respiration?
glycolysis
Acetyl CoA synthesis
Citric acid cycle
electron transport chain ( oxidative phosphorylation)
where do the 4 stages of cellular respiration take place?
glycolysis- cytosol
acetyl CoA synthesis - mitochondrial matrix
citric acid cycle - mitochondrial matrix
Oxidative phosphorylation- inner mitochondrial membrane
what is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?
oxygen
what are the waste products of cellular perspiration?
Co2, H2o, heat
Carbon dioxide produced from cellular respiration reacts with water to produce what chemical substance? what is the function of this molecule?
Bicarbonate (carbonic acid)
Regulates blood pH
give an example of fermentation. what are the products of this process?
Lactic acid fermentation- produces lactic acid, NADH
Alcohol Fermentation - produces ethanol, NADH and CO2
what 2 colours are absorbed best by chlorophyll?
blue and red
define photosynthesis
collection of CO2, H2O and energy to create organic molecules needed for cellular respiration to create energy for the organism
what occurs during S phase in the cell cycle?
Replication of DNA
where is the apical meristem found and what is its importance?
Apical Meristem is found at the end of the root cap of plants
apical Meristem functions as the embryonic region where active mitosis occurs in plants
in a plant life cycle, is the sporophyte haploid or diploid? is the gametophyte haploid or diploid?
sporophyte is 2n and Gametophyte is n
where does sperm production occur and what is the name of this process? and where does the production of an egg occur and what is the name of this process?
- sperm production of sperm occurs in the seminiferous tubules and is called spermatogenesis
- production of eggs occurs in the ovary and is called oogenesis
what are the names of the structures that produce eggs in plants and the structure that produce sperm in plants?
producing Eggs: Archegonia
producing sperm: Antheridia
what is the final product of mitosis and final product of meiosis?
Mitosis: mitosis produces 2 genetically identical daughter cells
Meiosis: produces 4 genetically diverse gametes
define homozygous genotype and heterozygous genotype
Homozygous means containing 2 of the same genotype found in one organism
Heterozygous means containing 2 different genotypes found in the same organism
if you have Type A blood, what antibodies do you produce and what antigens would you produce?
Produce A antigens and B antibodies
if you have a mother with a phenotype of O blood and a genotype of OO and father with a phenotype of A and genotype of AO, what is the likelihood that the child will have O blood?
50% the child will have O blood
if you have a mother with phenotype AB and a genotype of AB, and a child with genotype of AO, what genotype could the father have?
the father could be AO, BO, or OO
which blood can act as a universal donor? why?
O- blood
O- blood can be the universal donor because it makes both A and B antibodies but no antigens
what blood type acts as the universal acceptor? why?
AB+
AB+ blood is the universal acceptor because it makes no antibodies but both A and B antigens
what is the function of smooth ERand what is the function of the rough ER?
Smooth ER functions to synthesize lipids
Rough ER functions to synthesize proteins that will be sent out of the cell
name the 2 stages of photosynthesis
the light dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle
primary productivity
the production of organic compounds by photosynthesis
chlorophyll
feature that allows plants to be primary producers
reacts for photosynthesis
water, light energy, CO2 and chlorophyll
photosynthesis byproducts
glucose, oxygen and water
why do most plants appear green?
the green colour is not absorbed, they also contain the pigment called chlorophyll
accessory pigments that absorb light energy and pass it to chlorophyll
Carotenoids and phycobilins
what is the significance of meiosis
ensures that all organisms produced via sexual reproduction contain the correct number of chromosomes. Meiosis also produces genetic variation by way of the process of recombination.
