trigger - ovarian disorders Flashcards
which type of cyst can mimic an ectopic pregnancy
corpus luteum cyst
These cysts are created due to failure to develope during ovulation
follicular cysts
General tx for follicular cysts (4 options)
These cysts may be more likely when taking Clomid
corpus luteum cysts
which type of cyst can rupture and lead to acute abdomen and/or hypovolemic shock
corpus luteum
these cysts are caused by elevated levels of hCG
theca lutein cysts
These gradually resolve as hCG levels return to normal! but may take months!
these cysts often occur bilaterally and are filled with clear fluid
theca lutein cysts
these cysts may present with elevations in CA-125
endometriomas
which cysts are filled w hair, teeth, bone, cartilage and fat
dermoid cysts
PREmenopausal cysts
what type of cyst is benign but grows to be HUGE
cystadenoma
oyster ovaries on pelvic US is suggestive of which diagnosis
PCOS
leading cause of female infertility
PCOS
In which diagnosis would you see a generally decreased SHBG
PCOS
tx for hyperandrogenism in a pt who cannot take estrogen
GnRH agonists
Leuprolide, goserelin, triptorelin and histrelin
BONE LOSS RISK
this medication has risk of BONE LOSS
GnRH agonists
what is the word for hair removal ABOVE the skin
depilation
what is the word for complete hair removale
epilation
when do you use eflornithine hydrochloride (vaniqa) cream? what are the cons vs other treatments
cream that stops hair growth!
cons: doesnt permanently remove hair, just stops growth while applied
CI for spirinolactone
Pregnancy
I remember this cuz my friend takes spirinolactone for acne and was suggested to start a COC with it!
what are the uses of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors and what is their MOA and CI
- used for hirstuism and male pattern hair loss
- decreases testosterone conversion
- not safe if pregnant w male fetus
finasteride dutasteride
what should always be attempted FIRST prior to pharm treatments for ovulation induction in PCOS
weight loss and exercise
what is the MOA of letrozole
inhibits aromatase (which converts androgens to estrogens)
causes increased production of FSH and LH from GnRH
which ovulation induction agent is associated with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome as a SE
comiphen citrate/clomid
also exogenous gonadotropins
what is the MOA of clomiphene citrate/clomid
SERM - binds to hypothalamus, blocking estrogen receptors
leads to increased GnRH —> FSH/LH production
what is the presentation of mild, moderate and severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
I know, its annoying, but just list em out I believe in you.
what procedure may induce ovulation in patients who are unresponsive to medical therapy
laparoscopic ovarian surgery
i guess you just poke em a bunch of times and hope they ovulate lol i am unsure.
Pelvic ultrasound shows a snail shell appearance with blood flow that appears as a whirl pool
ovarian torsion
what is associated with AFP, hCG and LDH
germ cell tumors
more common in younger patients!
these tumors are most associated with inhibin
granulosa cell tumors
these tumors are most associated with estrogen and androgens
sex cord-stromal tumors
How common is ovarian tumors caused by metastases
5%
serous cystadenocarcinomas result from what types of cells
epithelial ovarian cells
if a patient has ________ they have a higher risk of not only ovarian cancer, but also colon, breast and endometrial cancer
hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome
What is HE4 used for?
MONITORING previously diagnosed ovarian cancer. NOT a screening tool
Would you be more likely to remove the contralateral adnexa in a germ cell cancer or in an epithelial ovarian cell cancer?
Epithelial Ovarian Cell Cancer
If contralateral adnexa looks normal in germ cell, can leave it!:)
What is the MC gyn malignancy?
Endometrial cancer
What is the MCC of death in gyn malignancy
ovarian cancer
