Trigger 2: Social Prescribing Flashcards
Define Health
State of overall well-being involving physical, mental, and social factors; not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
What does physical health involve?
Physical health refers to the proper functioning of the body’s systems and organs. It involves aspects such as regular exercise, a balanced diet, adequate sleep, and the absence of injury.
Define mental health.
Mental health is a state of well-being where an individual copes with the normal stresses of life, maintains work productivity, and contributes to the community. It involves emotional and psychological well-being and the ability to adapt to changes.
What does social well-being involve?
Social well-being is an individual’s ability to positively engage meaningfully. It includes the capacity to form and maintain supportive social connections and actively participate in community activities.
What is social prescribing?
Social prescribing is a holistic approach to healthcare that involves connecting physical, mental, and social health factors. It includes non-medical interventions aimed at improving health issues and overall well-being.
Name some interventions included in social prescribing.
Interventions can include exercises, counseling and therapy, support groups, nutritional advice, art activities, and access to financial, employment, or housing services.
True or false: Health is solely the absence of disease.
False. Health is a state of overall well-being, not just the absence of disease or infirmity.
Physical health involves the proper functioning of the body’s ________ and ________.
Physical health involves the proper functioning of the body’s systems and organs.
Describe mental health.
Mental health is a state of well-being where an individual copes with life’s stresses, maintains productivity, and contributes to the community. It encompasses emotional and psychological well-being.
What are the steps involved in social prescribing delivery?
Identification of health issues, referral from primary care, involvement of a link worker, co-designing a non-clinical prescription, and referral to the voluntary and community sector.
What is the role of a link worker in social prescribing?
The link worker acts as a bridge between the GP and social prescription opportunities, being knowledgeable about local organizations and schemes available to aid the patient.
What is a limitation associated with operating a social prescribing service with volunteers?
It can lead to delays in implementation and may require more flexibility than paid staff, resulting in longer processing times.
How might patient scepticism affect the success of social prescribing?
Scepticism may lead to low motivation or a fear of stigmatization, hindering patients from attending prescribed activities.
True or False: Lack of shared understanding among prescribers, link workers, service users, and providers is not a significant barrier in social prescribing.
False. Lack of shared understanding can result in inappropriate referrals, hindering delivery to the target group.
Accessibility can be a barrier if activities lack ________ access.
Accessibility can be a barrier if activities lack wheelchair access.
How might high turnover of volunteers impact social prescribing programs?
High turnover can disrupt the continuity of the delivery process and necessitate the training of new volunteers.
What is the collaborative step between the patient and the link worker in social prescribing?
Co-designing a non-clinical prescription that adapts to the patient’s needs.
How can a lack of knowledge about extreme disorders impact social prescribing?
It may limit the effectiveness of social prescribing in addressing the needs of individuals with specific and complex health conditions.
What are the key steps involved in social prescribing delivery?
a) Diagnosis, prescription, treatment
b) Referral, medication, follow-up
c) Identification of health issues, referral from primary care, link worker involvement, co-designing prescription, referral to the voluntary sector
d) Exercise, diet, medication
c) Identification of health issues, referral from primary care, link worker involvement, co-designing prescription, referral to the voluntary sector
What is the primary role of a link worker in social prescribing?
a) Providing medical prescriptions
b) Bridging the gap between the GP and social prescription opportunities
c) Managing community activities
d) Conducting health assessments
b) Bridging the gap between the GP and social prescription opportunities
What is a limitation associated with operating a social prescribing service with volunteers?
a) Faster implementation
b) Higher flexibility
c) Lower processing times
d) Potential delays in implementation and the need for flexibility
d) Potential delays in implementation and the need for flexibility
How might patient scepticism impact social prescribing success?
a) Improve motivation
b) Enhance participation
c) Lead to low motivation or fear of stigmatization
d) Expedite referral process
c) Lead to low motivation or fear of stigmatization
What can result from a lack of shared understanding in social prescribing?
a) Streamlined referral process
b) Appropriate referrals
c) Inappropriate referrals hindering delivery to the target group
d) Quicker implementation
c) Inappropriate referrals hindering delivery to the target group
What can be a significant barrier in social prescribing if activities lack this?
a) Financial support
b) Wheelchair access
c) Technological support
d) Public transportation
b) Wheelchair access
What are the main categories of social determinants of health according to the Dahlgren and Whitehead model?
a) Biological and genetic factors
b) Lifestyle choices
c) Income and education
d) Age, sex, and constitutional factors, individual lifestyle factors, social and community networks, living and working conditions, socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental conditions
d) Age, sex, and constitutional factors, individual lifestyle factors, social and community networks, living and working conditions, socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental conditions
How do living and working conditions impact health?
Conditions in which people live and work can affect health, including exposure to environmental hazards and stressors. Poor housing conditions, workplace stress, and exposure to pollutants can contribute to respiratory diseases, mental health issues, and other health problems.
________ and health are closely linked, with health outcomes improving incrementally as income rises.
Income
True or False: Genetic factors influence social determinants of health equally.
False. Genetic factors may vary in their impact on social determinants of health.
How can income influence future health outcomes?
a) Improves social relationships
b) Enhances cognitive abilities
c) Influences educational opportunities leading to improved employment prospects
d) Reduces stress levels
c) Influences educational opportunities leading to improved employment prospects
Children from deprived areas may experience lower ________ attainment.
Educational
True or False: Social support systems and community engagement have no impact on mental health.
False. Social support systems positively influence mental health.
How is income connected to other social determinants of health?
Income can have knock-on effects on other social determinants. For example, a parent’s income may influence their child’s educational opportunities, which in turn affects the child’s future employment and income.
Describe what the gold standard of social prescribing might look like.
The gold standard involves a holistic initial assessment by a healthcare professional, considering medical, social, and economic needs, as well as patients’ preferences and social determinants of health. A positive link worker should be provided to aid in adherence. It includes a clear referral pathway, an easily accessible resource database of local social prescribing schemes, a well-managed system from a multidisciplinary team fostering trust, and outcome measurements for feedback and assessment of effectiveness.
What are the key features of a gold standard social prescribing model?
Key features include a holistic initial assessment, a clear referral pathway, consideration of medical, social, and economic needs, patient preferences, and social determinants of health. It involves a well-managed referral system, a multidisciplinary team, an accessible resource database, and outcome measurements for feedback and assessing effectiveness.
True or false: The gold standard social prescribing model only includes medical assessments.
False. The gold standard involves a holistic assessment considering medical, social, and economic needs, as well as patient preferences and social determinants of health.
What role does a multi-disciplinary team play in the gold standard social prescribing model?
The multi-disciplinary team consists of diverse healthcare professionals who educate the local area, coordinate stakeholders, and build trust between social partners and patients to enhance the intervention’s success.
Easily accessible and up-to-date ________ of social prescribing schemes in the local area in the consultation office.
esource database/brochures
How are outcomes measured in the gold standard social prescribing model?
Outcomes are measured through a straightforward feedback system on a patient-by-patient basis and a systematic review process to evaluate the overall effectiveness of the schemes. It aims to address health inequalities and ensure fair treatment for all.
Provide examples of successful social prescribing schemes.
Examples include Sands United in Salisbury (a football team supporting dads who experienced baby loss), Ways of Wellness Newcastle (one-to-one meetings with a link worker for health and wellness goals), and Rotherham Social Prescribing Service (linked with 20 local organizations, reducing non-elective inpatient episodes and A&E attendances).
True or False: Rotherham Social Prescribing Service is aimed at users with short-term conditions.
False. It is aimed at users with complex long-term conditions, who are a significant drain on primary care resources.
What are the essential components of the gold standard social prescribing model?
a) Only medical assessments
b) Holistic initial assessment, clear referral pathway, multidisciplinary team, accessible resource database
c) Financial assessments only
d) Limited involvement of stakeholders
b) Holistic initial assessment, clear referral pathway, multidisciplinary team, accessible resource database
Why is a multi-disciplinary team important in social prescribing?
The multi-disciplinary team plays a crucial role in educating the local area, coordinating stakeholders, and building trust between social partners and patients to enhance the intervention’s success.
True or false: The gold standard social prescribing model only includes medical assessments.
The gold standard social prescribing model only includes medical assessments.
How are outcomes measured in the gold standard social prescribing model?
Outcomes are measured through a straightforward feedback system on a patient-by-patient basis and a systematic review process to evaluate the overall effectiveness of the schemes. It aims to address health inequalities and ensure fair treatment for all.
Describe the current state of social prescribing.
Social prescribing is gaining increasing recognition globally, with many countries providing frameworks and funding for it. The scope has broadened, offering patients diverse activities such as gardening clubs, art classes, walking groups, and cooking classes.
hat are the pros of social prescribing?
a) Focuses solely on medical aspects
b) Empowers individuals, reduces pressure on health services, treats beyond medical issues, community building
c) Increases reliance on clinical services
d) Inconsistent outcomes
b) Empowers individuals, reduces pressure on health services, treats beyond medical issues, community building
Social prescribing reduces pressure on health __________.
services
How does social prescribing empower individuals?
Social prescribing empowers individuals to take control of their own health, leading to improved self-management of conditions.
True or False: Social prescribing is always cost-effective.
False. While it can be cost-effective in the long run, there are factors such as variability in service quality and access issues that can impact its cost-effectiveness.
What are the cons of social prescribing?
Cons include the lack of evidence, resource-intensive setup, variability in service quality, over-reliance risk, and unequal access issues.
Why can social prescribing be resource-intensive initially?
Setting up and maintaining a social prescribing system, with trained link workers, can be resource-intensive initially.
True or False: Social prescribing reduces health inequalities.
False. Access issues may make health inequalities worse, as not all patients have equal access to services available through social prescribing.
What is the conclusion regarding social prescribing?
While social prescribing offers a promising and comprehensive approach to health, its effective implementation requires improved evaluation, striking a balance between clinical and non-clinical support.
What are the limitations of the medical model in the context of COVID-19?
he medical model’s disease-centred focus neglects prevention, social determinants of health, and may not address healthcare inequalities. It tends to be reactive, lacking preventive measures and may lead to healthcare system overload during a pandemic.
True or False: The medical model prioritizes preventive measures such as vaccination campaigns and public health education.
False. The medical model tends to be reactive and may not prioritize preventive measures.
How can the medical model inadvertently exacerbate healthcare inequalities during a pandemic?
Vulnerable populations may have less access to healthcare resources, and the medical model may not adequately address disparities, leading to unequal impacts on different communities.
How does the social prescription model differ from the medical model in its approach?
Social prescribing focuses on holistic well-being, addressing not only physical health but also mental, emotional, and social well-being.
How can social prescribing be utilized during the COVID-19 pandemic to address mental health challenges?
Social prescribing can offer access to support groups, counselling services, and activities that alleviate stress and anxiety, contributing to mental well-being.
