Trigeminal Nerve Flashcards
What are the three major divisions of the trigeminal nerve?
V1 ophthalmic nerve
V2 maxillary nerve
V3 mandibular nerve
Where does the ophthalmic nerve exit the middle cranial fossa?
superior orbital fissure
Where does the maxillary nerve exit the middle cranial fossa?
foramen rotundum
Where does the mandibular nerve exit the middle cranial fossa?
foramen ovale
What 4 branches arise from V1?
tentorial nerve
nasociliary nerve
frontal nerve
lacrimal nerve
What branches arise from V2?
meningeal branch of the maxillary nerve zygomatic nerve ganglionic branches to the pterygopalatine ganglion -> greater & lesser palatine nerves posterior superior alveolar nerve middle superior alveolar nerve anterior superior alveolar nerve infraorbital nerve
What 6 branches arise from V3?
meningeal branch of the mandibular nerve
auriculotemporal nerve
buccal nerve
lingual nerve
muscular branches of the mandibular nerve (deep temporal muscles, masseter, pterygoids, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini)
inferior alveolar nerve (and mental nerve)
What types of nerve fibers are found in V1?
entirely somatic sensory
What types of nerve fibers are found in V2?
entirely somatic sensory
What types of nerve fibers are found in V3?
contains BOTH somatic sensory and branchial motor fibers
What nerve subserves the dura mater of the tentorial cerebelli?
tentorial nerve of ophthalmic nerve V1
What nerve subserves the eyeball and structures within the eye?
nasociliary nerve of ophthalmic nerve V1
What nerves subserve the ethmoidal aircells and sphenoid sinus?
anterior and posterior ethmoidal nerves of nasociliary nerve of ophthalmic nerve V1
What nerve subserves the skin over the nasion?
infratrochlear nerve of ophthalmic nerve V1
What nerve subserves the skin of the forehead?
frontal nerve of ophthalmic nerve V1
What nerve subserves a small patch of skin superior and lateral to the eye?
lacrimal nerve of ophthalmic nerve V1
What nerve subserves the dura mater of medial portions of the anterior and middle cranial fossae?
meningeal branch of the maxillary nerve V2
What nerve subserves the skin overlying the SUPERIOR zygoma?
zygomaticotemporal nerve of the zygomatic nerve
What nerve subserves the skin overlying the INFERIOR zygoma?
zygomaticofacial nerve of the zygomatic nerve of the maxillary nerve V2
What nerve subserves the oral mucosa of the HARD palate on the roof of the mouth?
greater palatine nerve of the ganglionic branches to the pterygopalatine ganglion of the maxillary nerve V2
What nerve subserves the oral mucosa of the SOFT palate on the roof of the mouth?
lesser palatine nerve of the ganglionic branches to the pterygopalatine ganglion of the maxillary nerve V2
What nerve subserves the nasal mucosa of the nasal septum?
nasopalatine nerve of the ganglionic branches to the pterygopalatine ganglion
What nerve subserves the nasal mucosa of the middle and superior nasal conchae?
posterior superior lateral nasal branch of the maxillary nerve V2
What nerves subserve the nasal mucosa of the maxillary sinus and the upper teeth?
posterior superior alveolar nerve
middle superior alveolar nerve
anterior superior alveolar nerve
all of the maxillary nerve V2
What nerve subserves the skin on the lateral portions of the nose and anterior portions of the face from the lower eyelid inferior to the upper lip?
infraorbital nerve of the maxillary nerve V2
What nerve subserves the dura mater of the lateral portions of the middle cranial fossa?
meningeal branch of the mandibular nerve V3
What nerve subserves the lateral portions of the head, just anterior to the external auditory meatus?
auriculotemporal nerve of mandibular nerve V3
What nerve subserves BOTH the inner and outer walls of the cheek?
buccal nerve of the mandibular nerve V3
What nerve subserves the floor of the oral cavity?
lingual nerve of the mandibular nerve V3
What nerve innervates (branchial motor AND sensory) the masseter muscle?
nerve to the masseter muscle, a muscular branch of the mandibular nerve V3
What nerve innervates (branchial motor AND sensory) the temporalis muscle?
deep temporal nerves, muscular branches of the mandibular nerve V3
What nerve innervates (branchial motor AND sensory) the medial pterygoid muscle?
nerve to the medial pterygoid muscle, a muscular branch of the mandibular nerve V3
What nerve innervates (branchial motor AND sensory) the lateral pterygoid muscle?
nerve to the lateral pterygoid muscle, a muscular branch of the mandibular nerve V3
What nerve innervates (branchial motor AND sensory) the tensor veli palatini muscle?
nerve to the tensor veli palatini muscle, a muscular branch of the mandibular nerve V3
What nerve innervates (branchial motor AND sensory) the tensor tympani muscle?
nerve to the tensor tympani muscle, a muscular branch of the mandibular nerve V3
What nerve innervates (branchial motor AND sensory) the mylohyoid muscle?
nerve to the mylohyoid muscle, from the inferior alveolar nerve of the mandibular nerve V3
What nerve innervates (branchial motor AND sensory) the anterior belly of the digastric muscle?
nerve to the anterior belly of the digastric muscle, from the inferior alveolar nerve of the mandibular nerve V3
What nerve subserves the roots of the inferior teeth and skin on the chin and superior to the lower lip?
the continuation of the inferior alveolar nerve of the mandibular nerve V3
