Tricuspid Regurgitation

Question 1

what is tricuspid regurgitation

Answer 1

backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium during systole

Question 2

aetiology of tricuspid regurgitation

Answer 2

congenital (ebstein’s anomaly)

functional (consequence of right heart dilation, valve prolapse)

rheumatic heart disease,

infective endocarditis

Question 3

most common cause of tricuspid regurgitation

Answer 3

infective endocarditis

Question 4

presenting symptoms of tricuspid regurgitation

Answer 4

fatigue, breathlessness, palpitations, headache, nausea, anorexia, epigastric pain, jaundice, lower limb swelling

Question 5

signs of tricuspid regurgitation

Answer 5

pulse- irregularly irregular (AF)

raised JVP

parasternal heave

pansystolic murmur at lower left sternal edge (louder on inspiration)

pulmonary hypertension

pitting oedema

Question 6

investigations

Answer 6

bloods- FBC, LFT, cardiac enzymes and blood cultures

ECG - P pulmonale due to atrial hypertrophy

CXR - right heart hypertrophy

Question 7

management

Answer 7

treat heart failure/ fluid overload

valve replacement and ring annuloplasty are surgical options