Hyperlipidaemia Flashcards
what is hyperlipidaemia
where the serum triglyceride level is high (>2.3)
causes of/ aetiology of hyperlipidaemia (PRIMARY CAUSES)
inherited metabolic disorders such as dyslipidaemia, hyperlipidaemia and hypercholesterolaemia
what are some SECONDARY CAUSES of hyperlipidaemia
diabetes mellitus, obesity, renal disease, hypothyroidism , liver disease such as steatosis or hepatitis cystic fibrosis HIV
risk factors for hyperlipidaemia
risk factors for causes , genetics, obesity, high carb/ saturated fat diet
presenting symptoms and signs on physical examination of patient
lipaemia retinalis
eruptive xanthoma
obesity, overweight, diabetes, coronary artery disease, angina
why may patients with hyperlipidaemia have angina or claudication
hyperlipidaemia is a risk factor for peripheral artery disease and Ischaemia
investigations for hyperlipidaemia
lipid profile blood test (FASTING TRIGLYCERIDES ABOVE >2.3 mmol/L)
investigations to find the causes of the hyperlipidaemia
TSH, HbA1c, glucose, renal profile, LFT’s
treatment/ management of hyperlipidaemia
IV insulin/ dextrose, statins, lifestyle modifications
lifestyle modifications for hyperlipidaemia
smoking cessation, alcohol consumption reduced, low saturated-fat diet
examples of statins
atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, simvastatin etc.
prognosis of hyperlipidaemia
prognosis for patients with respect to coronary artery disease or acute pancreatitis is improved significantly with lowering of triglyceride levels to the recommended targets. This will require ongoing long-term therapy with monitoring of plasma lipids as well as side effects. Once plasma lipid levels have achieved goals and are stable they can be monitored along with liver function tests every 6 months
