Trichomonas Flashcards

1
Q

What are the names and main feature of the 4 Genuses of Trichomonas:

A
  • Ditrichomonas = 2 anterior flagella
  • Tritrichomonas = 3 anterior flagella
  • (Tetra)trichomonas = 4 anterior flagella
  • Pentatrichomonas = 5 anterior flagella
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2
Q

How do Trichomonas reproduce:

A

By Binary fission

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3
Q

What are the vectors for Trichomonas:

A

*They are transmitted mechanically by vector and are highly host specific, as they have a direct life cycle (one host)

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4
Q

Trichomonas species of Carnivores: (2)

A
  • T. canistomae = H: dog, Location: Oral cavity
  • T. felistomae = H: cat, Location: Oral cavity
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5
Q

Trichomonas species of Rodents: (5)

A
  • Tt. caviae = H: guinea pig, Location: caecum
  • Tt. muris = H: rodents, Location: caecum
  • Tt. wenoni = H: rodents, Location: caecum, colon
  • Tt. minuta = H: rodents, Location: caecum, colon
  • T. microti = H: rodents, Location: caecum
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6
Q

Trichomonas species of Horses: (2)

A
  • Tt. equi = H: horse, Location: colon
  • T. equibuccalis = H: horse, donkey, Location: oral cavity
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7
Q

Trichomonas species of Pigs: (3)

A
  • T. buttreyi = Location: caecum, colon
  • Tt. rotunda = Location: caecum
  • Tt. suis = Location: nasal cavity, GIT
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8
Q

Trichomonas species of Small Ruminants: (1)

A
  • Dt. ovis = Location: intestine
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9
Q

Trichomonas species of Primates: (4)

A
  • T. tenax = H: human, Location: oral cavity
  • T. vaginalis = H: human, Location: reproductive tract
  • Pt. hominis = H: human, Location: caecum, colon
  • T. macacovaginae = H: Macacus rhesus, Location: vagina
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10
Q

Trichomonas species of Large Ruminants: (3)

A
  • Tt. enteris = Location: caecum, colon
  • T. pavlovi = Location: caecum, colon
  • Tt. foetus = Location: reproductive tract
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11
Q

Tritrichomonas foetus causes: (4)

A
  • Vestibulovaginitis
  • Endometritis
  • Abortus
  • Infertility
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12
Q

What is the transmission of Tt. foetus:

A

By intercourse and artificial insemination

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13
Q

What is the shape and size of Tt. foetus:

A

Shape: drop shape
Size:
-Trophozoit 20x30μm
-Pseudocyst rarely

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14
Q

What are the diagnostic methods for Tt. foetus:

A
  1. Direct detection-microscopy (lavage of reproductive tracts in PBS or saline )
  2. Culturing (diamond medium 2-4 days)
  3. PCR
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15
Q

Tricomonas species of Birds: (5)

A
  • T. anatis = H: duck, Locaion: GIT caudal part
  • T. anseris = H: goose, Location: GIT caudal part
  • Tt. eberthi = H: chicken, turkey, duck, Location: caecum
  • T. gallinae (columbae) = H: pigeon, chicken, turkey, wild birds, Location: pharynx, crop, stomach
  • T. gallinarum = H: gallinaceous birds, Location: caecum, liver
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16
Q

What is the shape and size of T.gallinae:

A

Shape: Pear shape
Size:
-Trophozoit 7-18x5-11μm
-Pseudocyst 12-15x6μm

17
Q

What is the way of transmission of T. gallinae (columbae):

A
  • Feeding of young birds
  • Contaminated water
18
Q

What does Bird Trichomonas cause:

A
  • Mucopurulent inflammation
  • Yellowish plaque
  • Ulcers on mucose of oral cavity and internal organs
19
Q

Diagnostic methods of T. gallinae (columbae):

A
  1. Clinical symptoms
  2. Microscopy (swab of pharynx and crop mucose)
  3. Cultivation
20
Q

Describe the Life cycle of Tt. foetus:

A

Has direct life cycle
1. Trophozoits transmitted during sexual contact
2. Multiplication by Binary fission in vaginal mucosa
3. Migrate to cervix
4. Reach uterus or oviduct

21
Q

Describe the life cycle of T. gallinae (columbae):

A
  1. Transmitted by mother feeding offspring or contaminated drinking water from beak of infected birds
  2. Cause inflammation and ulceration on the mucous surface
  3. Pseudocyst formation in food/water (amastigote form, asexually reproduction)