Trichomonas Flashcards
What are the names and main feature of the 4 Genuses of Trichomonas:
- Ditrichomonas = 2 anterior flagella
- Tritrichomonas = 3 anterior flagella
- (Tetra)trichomonas = 4 anterior flagella
- Pentatrichomonas = 5 anterior flagella
How do Trichomonas reproduce:
By Binary fission
What are the vectors for Trichomonas:
*They are transmitted mechanically by vector and are highly host specific, as they have a direct life cycle (one host)
Trichomonas species of Carnivores: (2)
- T. canistomae = H: dog, Location: Oral cavity
- T. felistomae = H: cat, Location: Oral cavity
Trichomonas species of Rodents: (5)
- Tt. caviae = H: guinea pig, Location: caecum
- Tt. muris = H: rodents, Location: caecum
- Tt. wenoni = H: rodents, Location: caecum, colon
- Tt. minuta = H: rodents, Location: caecum, colon
- T. microti = H: rodents, Location: caecum
Trichomonas species of Horses: (2)
- Tt. equi = H: horse, Location: colon
- T. equibuccalis = H: horse, donkey, Location: oral cavity
Trichomonas species of Pigs: (3)
- T. buttreyi = Location: caecum, colon
- Tt. rotunda = Location: caecum
- Tt. suis = Location: nasal cavity, GIT
Trichomonas species of Small Ruminants: (1)
- Dt. ovis = Location: intestine
Trichomonas species of Primates: (4)
- T. tenax = H: human, Location: oral cavity
- T. vaginalis = H: human, Location: reproductive tract
- Pt. hominis = H: human, Location: caecum, colon
- T. macacovaginae = H: Macacus rhesus, Location: vagina
Trichomonas species of Large Ruminants: (3)
- Tt. enteris = Location: caecum, colon
- T. pavlovi = Location: caecum, colon
- Tt. foetus = Location: reproductive tract
Tritrichomonas foetus causes: (4)
- Vestibulovaginitis
- Endometritis
- Abortus
- Infertility
What is the transmission of Tt. foetus:
By intercourse and artificial insemination
What is the shape and size of Tt. foetus:
Shape: drop shape
Size:
-Trophozoit 20x30μm
-Pseudocyst rarely
What are the diagnostic methods for Tt. foetus:
- Direct detection-microscopy (lavage of reproductive tracts in PBS or saline )
- Culturing (diamond medium 2-4 days)
- PCR
Tricomonas species of Birds: (5)
- T. anatis = H: duck, Locaion: GIT caudal part
- T. anseris = H: goose, Location: GIT caudal part
- Tt. eberthi = H: chicken, turkey, duck, Location: caecum
- T. gallinae (columbae) = H: pigeon, chicken, turkey, wild birds, Location: pharynx, crop, stomach
- T. gallinarum = H: gallinaceous birds, Location: caecum, liver
What is the shape and size of T.gallinae:
Shape: Pear shape
Size:
-Trophozoit 7-18x5-11μm
-Pseudocyst 12-15x6μm
What is the way of transmission of T. gallinae (columbae):
- Feeding of young birds
- Contaminated water
What does Bird Trichomonas cause:
- Mucopurulent inflammation
- Yellowish plaque
- Ulcers on mucose of oral cavity and internal organs
Diagnostic methods of T. gallinae (columbae):
- Clinical symptoms
- Microscopy (swab of pharynx and crop mucose)
- Cultivation
Describe the Life cycle of Tt. foetus:
Has direct life cycle
1. Trophozoits transmitted during sexual contact
2. Multiplication by Binary fission in vaginal mucosa
3. Migrate to cervix
4. Reach uterus or oviduct
Describe the life cycle of T. gallinae (columbae):
- Transmitted by mother feeding offspring or contaminated drinking water from beak of infected birds
- Cause inflammation and ulceration on the mucous surface
- Pseudocyst formation in food/water (amastigote form, asexually reproduction)
