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Head and Neck > Triangles of the Neck > Flashcards

Triangles of the Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Boundaries of anterior cervical triangle

A

Superior-inferior margin of mandible
Inferior-jugular notch
Medial-anteromedian line of the neck
Lateral-anterior margin of sternocleidomastoid
Anterior/roof-platysma and cervical fascia

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2
Q

Sub triangles of anterior cervical triangle

A

muscular triangle, carotid triangle, submandibular (digastric) triangle, submental (suprahyoid) triangle

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3
Q

Cervical muscles

A

Platysma muscle, sternocleidomastoid

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4
Q

Innervation of platysma muscle

A

Facial nerve.

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5
Q

Innervation of sternocleidomastoid

A

spinal accessory nerve

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6
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A

Digastric muscle, mylohyoid m, stylohyoid m, geniohyoid m.

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7
Q

Innervation of anterior digastric m.

A

nerve to mylohyoid from trigeminal nerve

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8
Q

Innervation of posterior digastric m.

A

facial nerve

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9
Q

Innervation of mylohyoid

A

nerve to mylohyoid from trigeminal

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10
Q

Innervation of stylohyoid

A

facial nerve

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11
Q

Innervation of geniohyoid

A

C1 via hypoglossal nerve.

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12
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

A

Sternohyoid muscle, sternothyroid muscle, thyrohyroid, omohyoid (superior belly)

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13
Q

Innervation of sternohyoid

A

ansa cervicalis

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14
Q

Innervation of sternothyroid

A

ansa cervicalis

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15
Q

Innervation of thyrohyoid

A

C1 via hypoglossal nerve

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16
Q

Innervation of superior belly of omohyoid m

A

ansa cervicalis

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17
Q

8 branches of ECA

A 
Superior Thyroid 
Lingual 
Facial 
Ascending Pharyngeal 
Occipital 
Posterior Auricular 
Maxillary (terminal branch) 
Superficial Temporal (terminal branch)
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18
Q

What forms the retromandibular vein?

A

Superficial temporal and maxillary veins

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19
Q

Anterior retromandibular vein

A

joins facial vein to form the common facial vein

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20
Q

Posterior retromandibular vein

A

joins posterior auricular vein to form the EJV

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21
Q

What veins does the external jugular vein receive

A

Suprascapular vein, transverse cervical vein, and anterior jugular vein.

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22
Q

Motor branches of cervical plexus

A

Ansa cervicalis, nerve to omohyoid, n to sternothyroid, n. to sternohyoid, n. to omohyoid, phrenic nerve

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23
Q

Sensory branches of cervical plexus

A

Great auricular nerve, transverse cervical nerve

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24
Q

Boundaries of posterior cervical triangle

A 
Anterior-posterior margin of SCM 
Posterior-Anterior margin of trapezius 
Inferior-middle 1/3 of clavicle 
Roof-platysma and deep cervical fascia 
Floor-splenius captious, elevator scapulae, scalenius
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25
Sub triangles of posterior cervical triangle
Occipital triangle, supraclavicular triangle, danger area of posterior cervical triangle
26
Innervation of splenius capitus
dorsal primary rami C2-C6
27
Innervation of elevator scapulae
n. to levator scapulae and dorsal scapular nerve
28
Innervation of scalenus medius
C5-C8
29
Innervation of scalenus posterior
C6-C8
30
Innervation of Scalenus anterior
C5-C8
31
Innervation of inferior belly of omohyoid muscle
ansa cervicalis
32
contents of muscular triangle:
infrahyoid muscle, thyroid gland, contains no vessels
33
contents of carotid triangle
common carotid artery, carotid sinus, internal jugular vein, CNX and CN XII
34
contents of submandibular triangle
submandibular gland, facial artery and facial vein
35
contents of submental triangle
lymph nodes
36
action of SCM
singly turns face towards opposite side, tighter flexes head and raises thorax
37
Action of platysma
depresses lower lip/jaw, angle of mouth; wrinkles skin of neck
38
main action of supra hyoid muscles
elevate hyoid and depress mandible
39
main action of infra hyoid muscles
stabilize hyoid, depress and retract hyoid and larynx
40
What is the carotid sinus?
A dilation in the proximal portion of the internal carotid artery just distal to the bifurcation. Its walls contains pressure receptors activated by changes in BP.
41
What innervates the carotid sinus?
Carotid sinus branch of CN IX (glossopharyngeal)
42
Where does the external jugular vein end?
Either in the subclavian vein or the internal jugular vein
43
action of elevator scapulae
elevates scapula
44
action of splenius capitus
extends neck and head
45
action of anterior scalene
elevates first rib, bends neck
46
what lies on top of anterior scalene
phrenic nerve
47
action of middle scalene
elevates first rib, bends neck
48
action of posterior scalene
elevates second rib, bends neck
49
action of inferior belly of omohyoid muscle
depresses and retracts hyoid/larynx
50
what is the primary blood supply to the posterior triangle of the neck?
Subclavian artery, suprascapular artery (1st branch), and Transverse cervical artery (2nd branch) last two branch from thyrocervical trunk.
51
What does the supra scapular artery branch in front of?
The anterior scalane muscle
52
What does the transverse cervical artery dive deep to?
trapezius
53
What motor branches of nerves are found in the posterior triangle?
CN XI, dorsal scapular nerve, and long thoracic nerve
54
What sensory branches of nerves are found in the posterior triangle
lesser occipital nerve, supraclavicular nerve
55
What sensory branches of cervical plexus are found in anterior triangle?
Transverse cervical nerve and great auricular nerve
56
What sensory branches of cervical plexus are found in posterior triangle?
Lesser occipital nerve and supraclavicular nerves
57
What are the superficial nodes of the head?
The occipital, retroauricular, submandibular nodes
58
Where do the superficial cervical nodes lie?
Along the external jugular vein in the posterior triangle
59
Where does lymph from the ear drain?
Into superficial nodes of the head or superficial cervical nodes.
60
Where do superior deep cervical nodes lie?
along the internal jugular vein in the carotid triangle
61
Where do the inferior deep cervical nodes lie?
on the internal jugular vein near the subclavian vein

Head and Neck (7 decks)

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