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Head and Neck > Triangles of the Neck > Flashcards

Triangles of the Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Boundaries of anterior cervical triangle

A

Superior-inferior margin of mandible
Inferior-jugular notch
Medial-anteromedian line of the neck
Lateral-anterior margin of sternocleidomastoid
Anterior/roof-platysma and cervical fascia

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2
Q

Sub triangles of anterior cervical triangle

A

muscular triangle, carotid triangle, submandibular (digastric) triangle, submental (suprahyoid) triangle

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3
Q

Cervical muscles

A

Platysma muscle, sternocleidomastoid

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4
Q

Innervation of platysma muscle

A

Facial nerve.

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5
Q

Innervation of sternocleidomastoid

A

spinal accessory nerve

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6
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A

Digastric muscle, mylohyoid m, stylohyoid m, geniohyoid m.

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7
Q

Innervation of anterior digastric m.

A

nerve to mylohyoid from trigeminal nerve

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8
Q

Innervation of posterior digastric m.

A

facial nerve

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9
Q

Innervation of mylohyoid

A

nerve to mylohyoid from trigeminal

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10
Q

Innervation of stylohyoid

A

facial nerve

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11
Q

Innervation of geniohyoid

A

C1 via hypoglossal nerve.

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12
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

A

Sternohyoid muscle, sternothyroid muscle, thyrohyroid, omohyoid (superior belly)

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13
Q

Innervation of sternohyoid

A

ansa cervicalis

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14
Q

Innervation of sternothyroid

A

ansa cervicalis

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15
Q

Innervation of thyrohyoid

A

C1 via hypoglossal nerve

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16
Q

Innervation of superior belly of omohyoid m

A

ansa cervicalis

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17
Q

8 branches of ECA

A 
Superior Thyroid 
Lingual 
Facial 
Ascending Pharyngeal 
Occipital 
Posterior Auricular 
Maxillary (terminal branch) 
Superficial Temporal (terminal branch)
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18
Q

What forms the retromandibular vein?

A

Superficial temporal and maxillary veins

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19
Q

Anterior retromandibular vein

A

joins facial vein to form the common facial vein

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20
Q

Posterior retromandibular vein

A

joins posterior auricular vein to form the EJV

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21
Q

What veins does the external jugular vein receive

A

Suprascapular vein, transverse cervical vein, and anterior jugular vein.

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22
Q

Motor branches of cervical plexus

A

Ansa cervicalis, nerve to omohyoid, n to sternothyroid, n. to sternohyoid, n. to omohyoid, phrenic nerve

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23
Q

Sensory branches of cervical plexus

A

Great auricular nerve, transverse cervical nerve

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24
Q

Boundaries of posterior cervical triangle

A 
Anterior-posterior margin of SCM 
Posterior-Anterior margin of trapezius 
Inferior-middle 1/3 of clavicle 
Roof-platysma and deep cervical fascia 
Floor-splenius captious, elevator scapulae, scalenius
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25
Q

Sub triangles of posterior cervical triangle

A

Occipital triangle, supraclavicular triangle, danger area of posterior cervical triangle

26
Q

Innervation of splenius capitus

A

dorsal primary rami C2-C6

27
Q

Innervation of elevator scapulae

A

n. to levator scapulae and dorsal scapular nerve

28
Q

Innervation of scalenus medius

A

C5-C8

29
Q

Innervation of scalenus posterior

A

C6-C8

30
Q

Innervation of Scalenus anterior

A

C5-C8

31
Q

Innervation of inferior belly of omohyoid muscle

A

ansa cervicalis

32
Q

contents of muscular triangle:

A

infrahyoid muscle, thyroid gland, contains no vessels

33
Q

contents of carotid triangle

A

common carotid artery, carotid sinus, internal jugular vein, CNX and CN XII

34
Q

contents of submandibular triangle

A

submandibular gland, facial artery and facial vein

35
Q

contents of submental triangle

A

lymph nodes

36
Q

action of SCM

A

singly turns face towards opposite side, tighter flexes head and raises thorax

37
Q

Action of platysma

A

depresses lower lip/jaw, angle of mouth; wrinkles skin of neck

38
Q

main action of supra hyoid muscles

A

elevate hyoid and depress mandible

39
Q

main action of infra hyoid muscles

A

stabilize hyoid, depress and retract hyoid and larynx

40
Q

What is the carotid sinus?

A

A dilation in the proximal portion of the internal carotid artery just distal to the bifurcation. Its walls contains pressure receptors activated by changes in BP.

41
Q

What innervates the carotid sinus?

A

Carotid sinus branch of CN IX (glossopharyngeal)

42
Q

Where does the external jugular vein end?

A

Either in the subclavian vein or the internal jugular vein

43
Q

action of elevator scapulae

A

elevates scapula

44
Q

action of splenius capitus

A

extends neck and head

45
Q

action of anterior scalene

A

elevates first rib, bends neck

46
Q

what lies on top of anterior scalene

A

phrenic nerve

47
Q

action of middle scalene

A

elevates first rib, bends neck

48
Q

action of posterior scalene

A

elevates second rib, bends neck

49
Q

action of inferior belly of omohyoid muscle

A

depresses and retracts hyoid/larynx

50
Q

what is the primary blood supply to the posterior triangle of the neck?

A

Subclavian artery, suprascapular artery (1st branch), and Transverse cervical artery (2nd branch) last two branch from thyrocervical trunk.

51
Q

What does the supra scapular artery branch in front of?

A

The anterior scalane muscle

52
Q

What does the transverse cervical artery dive deep to?

A

trapezius

53
Q

What motor branches of nerves are found in the posterior triangle?

A

CN XI, dorsal scapular nerve, and long thoracic nerve

54
Q

What sensory branches of nerves are found in the posterior triangle

A

lesser occipital nerve, supraclavicular nerve

55
Q

What sensory branches of cervical plexus are found in anterior triangle?

A

Transverse cervical nerve and great auricular nerve

56
Q

What sensory branches of cervical plexus are found in posterior triangle?

A

Lesser occipital nerve and supraclavicular nerves

57
Q

What are the superficial nodes of the head?

A

The occipital, retroauricular, submandibular nodes

58
Q

Where do the superficial cervical nodes lie?

A

Along the external jugular vein in the posterior triangle

59
Q

Where does lymph from the ear drain?

A

Into superficial nodes of the head or superficial cervical nodes.

60
Q

Where do superior deep cervical nodes lie?

A

along the internal jugular vein in the carotid triangle

61
Q

Where do the inferior deep cervical nodes lie?

A

on the internal jugular vein near the subclavian vein

Head and Neck (7 decks)

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