Triangles of the Neck Flashcards
At what spinal level is the hyoid bone found?
C3
What is the purpose of the atlas?
Allows the head to rock forward and back
What is the purpose of the axis?
Allows the head to rotate back and forth (‘no’)
What are the borders of the superficial posterior triangle?
Sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, clavicle
Floor=deep cervical muscles
Roof=Fascia
What five nerves emerge from the superficial posterior triangle?
1) Spinal Accessory (XI)
2) Lesser occipital
3) Great auricular
4) Transverse cervical
5) Supraclavicular
What are the borders of the superficial anterior triangle?
Sternocleidomastoid, midline of the neck, mandible
Floor=pharynx, larynx, thyroid
Roof=platysma, fascia
What region does the lesser occipital nerve innervate?
The posterior neck and scalp
What region does the great auricular nerve innervate?
Majority of pinna, angle of mandible, mastoid region
What region does the transverse cervical nerve innervate?
Anterior neck
What region does the supraclavicular nerve innervate?
Shoulder and clavicle
What six muscles form the deep posterior triangle?
1) Splenitus capitis
2) Levator scapulae
3) Posterior scalene
4) Middle scalene
5) Anterior scalene
6) Omohyoid
What are the boundaries of the submandibular triangle?
The anterior belly of the digastric, the posterior belly of the digastric, and the mandible
What are the contents of the submandibular triangle?
The submandibular gland, the facial artery, the facial vein, hypoglossal nerve and nerve to mylohyoid
What are the boundaries of the carotid triangle?
Sternocleidomastoid, posterior digastric, and omohyoid
What are the contents of the carotid triangle?
Common, external, and internal carotid; internal jugular vein, external and internal laryngeal nerve
What are the boundaries of the muscular triangle?
The midline, sternocleidomastoid, and omohyoid
What are the contents of the muscular triangle?
Infrahyoid muscles, larynx, pharynx, trachea
What are the three main purposes of the deep neck fascia?
1) barrier to reduce the spread of infection
2) Support viscera of neck
3) Facilitates neck movements
What does the investing layer surround? Where does it run?
Cervical vertebrae, viscera, and muscles of the neck; runs from zygomatic arch to clavicle
What does the prevertebral layer surround? Where does it run?
Cervical vertebrae, scalene muscles, pre- and postvertebral muscles of the neck, floor of posterior triangle; runs from base of the skull to about T3
What does the pretracheal layer surround?
Envelops thyroid, larynx, trachea, and esophagus
What does the carotid sheath surround?
Common and internal carotid arteries, internal jugular vain, vagus nerve
