Triangles of the Neck

Question 1

At what spinal level is the hyoid bone found?

Answer 1

C3

Question 2

What is the purpose of the atlas?

Answer 2

Allows the head to rock forward and back

Question 3

What is the purpose of the axis?

Answer 3

Allows the head to rotate back and forth (‘no’)

Question 4

What are the borders of the superficial posterior triangle?

Answer 4

Sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, clavicle
Floor=deep cervical muscles
Roof=Fascia

Question 5

What five nerves emerge from the superficial posterior triangle?

Answer 5

1) Spinal Accessory (XI)
2) Lesser occipital
3) Great auricular
4) Transverse cervical
5) Supraclavicular

Question 6

What are the borders of the superficial anterior triangle?

Answer 6

Sternocleidomastoid, midline of the neck, mandible
Floor=pharynx, larynx, thyroid
Roof=platysma, fascia

Question 7

What region does the lesser occipital nerve innervate?

Answer 7

The posterior neck and scalp

Question 8

What region does the great auricular nerve innervate?

Answer 8

Majority of pinna, angle of mandible, mastoid region

Question 9

What region does the transverse cervical nerve innervate?

Answer 9

Anterior neck

Question 10

What region does the supraclavicular nerve innervate?

Answer 10

Shoulder and clavicle

Question 11

What six muscles form the deep posterior triangle?

Answer 11

1) Splenitus capitis
2) Levator scapulae
3) Posterior scalene
4) Middle scalene
5) Anterior scalene
6) Omohyoid

Question 12

What are the boundaries of the submandibular triangle?

Answer 12

The anterior belly of the digastric, the posterior belly of the digastric, and the mandible

Question 13

What are the contents of the submandibular triangle?

Answer 13

The submandibular gland, the facial artery, the facial vein, hypoglossal nerve and nerve to mylohyoid

Question 14

What are the boundaries of the carotid triangle?

Answer 14

Sternocleidomastoid, posterior digastric, and omohyoid

Question 15

What are the contents of the carotid triangle?

Answer 15

Common, external, and internal carotid; internal jugular vein, external and internal laryngeal nerve

Question 16

What are the boundaries of the muscular triangle?

Answer 16

The midline, sternocleidomastoid, and omohyoid

Question 17

What are the contents of the muscular triangle?

Answer 17

Infrahyoid muscles, larynx, pharynx, trachea

Question 18

What are the three main purposes of the deep neck fascia?

Answer 18

1) barrier to reduce the spread of infection
2) Support viscera of neck
3) Facilitates neck movements

Question 19

What does the investing layer surround? Where does it run?

Answer 19

Cervical vertebrae, viscera, and muscles of the neck; runs from zygomatic arch to clavicle

Question 20

What does the prevertebral layer surround? Where does it run?

Answer 20

Cervical vertebrae, scalene muscles, pre- and postvertebral muscles of the neck, floor of posterior triangle; runs from base of the skull to about T3

Question 21

What does the pretracheal layer surround?

Answer 21

Envelops thyroid, larynx, trachea, and esophagus

Question 22

What does the carotid sheath surround?

Answer 22

Common and internal carotid arteries, internal jugular vain, vagus nerve