Superficial Face Flashcards
What is the general origin and insertion of the muscles of facial expression?
The origin is often from a bone or fascia; it inserts on the skin
What is the general function of the muscles of facial expression?
Movement of the skin to change expression; does not function on the skeleton
What are the main motor branches of the facial nerve that emerge from the stylomastoid foramen?
Posterior auricular, nerves to stylohyoid and posterior digastric, temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, cervical
What is the passageway of the parotid duct?
It goes from the parotid gland across the masseter and pierces the buccinator; it opens on the oral surface of the cheek opposite of the second maxillary molar
What is the pathway of parasympathetic nerves to the parotid gland?
Preganglionic bodies=inferior salivatory nucleus
Preganglionic fibers=CN IX from tympanic nerve to lesser petrosal
Postganglionic bodies=otic ganglion
Postganglionic fibers=along auriculotemporal
What are the arteries that supply the scalp and from where do they come?
Supratrochlear and surpaorbital = internal carotid artery
Superficial temporal, posterior auricular, occipital = external carotid artery
What is the concern with infection near the danger triangle?
Veins around the nose and medial eye have drainage into the cavernous sinus in the brain
What are the two unions that the retromandibular vein can form?
1) The anterior division joins the facial vein and drains into the internal jugular
2) The posterior division joins the posterior auricular to form the external jugular
What is the general lymphatic drainage of the face and to where does lymph flow?
The only nodes in the face are the parotid, the remainder of the lymph drains into the deep cervical region
What nerves provide cutaneous sensation to the face?
- ophthalmic=tip of nose up to the scalp above the eyelid
- maxillary=middle of face, side of the nose
- mandibular=mandibular region up to the scalp
- Cervical plexus=C2-3 (great auricular and lesser occipital)
- Greater Occipital=C2
What are the five layers of the scalp?
Skin-hair, arterial supply and venous drainage
Connective tissue-neurovascular components
Aponeurosis-connects occipitalis and frontalis
Loose connective tissue-allows scalp to move over the skull
Pericranium-attached loosely to the skull but strongly to the sutures
What are diploic veins?
Veins that run between the flat portions of the skull
