Triangles of the Neck Flashcards
The sternocleidomastoid, platysmus, and trapezius all come from what in development?
mesenchyme from 2nd pharyngeal arch
What is in the scalene gap? Where is it?
The brachial plexus. between anterior and middle scalenes
What comes off the thyrocervical trunk? What does it become, and what branch comes off of that?
suprascapular a, transverse cervical a. The trunk becomes the inferior thyroid a, which has the ascending cervical a. as a branch.
the thyrocervical trunk comes off of what?
comes off of the brachiocephalic trunk (on the right side)/right subclavian a., or the left subclavian a. on the left.
Phrenic nerve comes off of?
C3-5
cervical plexus is what roots? Which are motor and which are sensory?
C1-C4. Motor is C1-C3, sensory is C2-C4
transverse cervical nerve comes off of which two spinal n. roots? travels where? innervates what?
C2 and C3. Crosses horizontally across SCM. Innervates cutaneously the lateral and anterior parts of neck.
Supraclavicular nn. come off of which spinal n. roots? Innervate what?
C3 and C4. Cutaneous for skin over clavicle and shoulder.
The great auricular and lesser occipital nn come off of which spinal n roots?
C2 and C3
The lesser occipital nerve ascends where? What does it innervate? What nerve roots does it come off of?
ascends on posterior border of SCM. cutaneous nerve for skin of neck/posterior to scalp. comes off of C2 and C3
Great auricular n. ascends where? Supplies what?
Ascends across SCM to base of ear. Cutaneous to skin of parotid/mastoid areas and ear.
Branches of first, second, and third parts of subclavian arteries? borders of the parts?
First: vertebral artery, internal thoracic artery, thyrocervical trunk
Second: costocervical trunk
third: dorsal scapular a.
VIT CD
First part is medial to anterior scalene, second part is posterior to anterior scalene, and third part is lateral to the anterior scalene
branches of external carotid artery, inferior to superior?
Some Aggressive Lovers Find Odd Positions More Stimulating
Superior thyroid a. Ascending pharyngeal a. Lingual Facial Occipital a. Posterior auricular a. Maxillary a. Superficial Temporal a (bigger branch, looks like a continuation)
superior and middle cardiac nn come off of?
The superior cardiac nerve comes off of superior cervical ganglion, and the inferior cardiac nerve comes off the middle cervical ganglion
Cervical ganglii are what? where?
superior cervical ganglion is around C2
middle cervical ganglion is around C6
inferior cervical ganglion is around C7/T1.
Inferior cervical ganglion combined with first thoracic ganglion makes the?
stellate ganglion
Carotid sheath contains?
Internal jugular vein, vagus nerve, common carotid artery
anterior to posterior: alar fascia, buccopharyngeal fascia, retropharyngeal space?
buccopharyngeal (visceral) fascia, alar fascia, retropharyngeal space
Borders of the anterior triangle? What is in it?
Midline, mandible, sternocleidomastoid. Contains the hyoid bone, the digastric m. and the anterior belly of the omohyoid
Borders of the posterior triangle?
sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, clavicle
Borders of the submandibular triangle?
anterior and posterior bellies of the digastric, and the mandible.
stylohyoid is part of what triangle?
the anterior triangle.
What are the 4 sub triangles of the anterior triangle?
The submandibular, submental, carotid, and muscular.
2 subtriangles of the posterior triangle? what divides them?
the omoclavicular and the occipital triangles. The inferior belly of the omohyoid seperates them.
The scalene muscles are in which triangle?
The posterior triangle.
How does the dorsal scapular artery travel?
Weaves through the brachial plexus.
Spinal accessory nerve, great auricular n, and lesser occipital n are in what triangle?
posterior triangle
Where is the phrenic nerve/ how to tell?
Strapped down by throcervical trunk branches, and runs on anterior scalene
cervical branches of facial nerve, submandibular gland, facial a/v can all be seen in what triangle?
Submandibular triangle
Common carotid artery, IJV, vagus nerve, and ansa cervicalis are all in what triangle?
carotid triangle
ansa cervicalis sits on top of what structure?
the IJV
