Oral and Nasal Cavities

Question 1

What does general and taste sensory innervation to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

Answer 1

most of posterior 1/3- CN IX glossopharyngeal (general sensation and taste)
small circle near midline- internal laryngeal n, which is a branch of the vagus n.

Question 2

What nerve does general sensation of anterior 2/3 tongue?

Answer 2

CN V, V3 lingual nerve.

Question 3

The frontal sinuses drain through what? Into what?

Answer 3

The frontonasal duct into the semilunar hiatus of the middle nasal meatus.

Question 4

The anterior cells of the ethmoidal sinus drain through what and to what?

Answer 4

Through the infundibulum to the semilunar hiatus to the middle nasal meatus

Question 5

The middle (bullar) cells of the ethmoidal sinus drain how?

Answer 5

They open directly to the middle nasal meatus

Question 6

The posterior cells of the ethmoidal sinus drain through what and to what?

Answer 6

They open directly into the superior nasal meatus.

Question 7

How do the sphenoidal sinuses drain?

Answer 7

open into the sphenoethmoidal recess and drain into the superior nasal meatus.

Question 8

How do the maxillary sinuses drain?

Answer 8

drain through several openings to the semilunar hiatus and into the middle nasal meatus.

Question 9

What does the nasolacrimal duct drain into?

Answer 9

Into the inferior nasal meatus.

Question 10

If ethmoidal and maxillary sinuses are both infected, it is called what?

Answer 10

pansinusitis.

Question 11

What does the anterior ethmoidal nerve do and what is it a branch of? What does it turn into?

Answer 11

Branch of nasocilliary nerve of V1. Anterosuperior portion of nasal mucosa. Sends brr to lateral and medial walls, and terminates as external nasal nerve (skin around naris, vestibule, tip of nose)

Question 12

Where do the nasal branches of V2 enter the nasal cavity? What do they become? where does it then go and what does it do?

Answer 12

Through the sphenopalatine foramen as the nasopalatine n.
Goes down septum, through incisive canal, to the oral cavity. Supplies oral mucosa posterior to incisors, as well as the medial septal wall.

Question 13

Sympathetics of nasal cavity starting at spinal cord level.

Answer 13

1. Starts at spinal cord level T1
2. Pre-ganglionic sympathetic fibers enter trunk and ascend to superior cervical ganglion
3. Post-ganglionics latch onto internal carotid artery
4. They then enter the cranial cavity leaving the internal carotid, forming the deep petrosal nerve
5. It joins the greater petrosal nerve of CN VII as they enter the pterygopalatine fossa

Question 14

Opthalmic artery is branch of what? Which branch (sequentially), and where?

Answer 14

First branch of internal carotid artery distal to the cavernous sinus.

Question 15

What 5 arteries anastomose on the medial septum? What is the area called?

Answer 15

SEGS
Ant/post ethmoidal, sphenopalatine (maxillary), greater palatine (maxillary), septal branch of superior labial a. (facial). Called Kiesselbach’s area

Question 16

submucosal venous plexus serves what function?

Answer 16

thermoregulatory function. Warms air prior to entering lungs.

Question 17

greater palatine nerve innervates what? Branch of what?

Answer 17

Lateral walls of nasal mucosa, gums and hard palate. Branch of V2.

Question 18

what 3 nerves innervate the dorsum and apex of the nose, and where do they come from?

Answer 18

V1- infratrochlear and external nasal nn

V2- Infraorbital n. to alae.

Question 19

epistaxis is what? Happens more to what gender?

Answer 19

Nose bleeds. Males more often. Also more common in ages less than 10 and more than 50.

Question 20

What does the pterygomaxillary fissure contain?

Answer 20

Part 3 of the maxillary artery

Question 21

Pterygoid canal contains what? What do those nerves generally have/do?

Answer 21

N of pterygoid canal- has parasympathetics from greater petrosal and sympathetics from deep petrosal.

Question 22

3 entrances to the pterygopalatine fossa?

Answer 22

Foramen rotundum, pterygomaxillary fissure, pterygoid canal.

Question 23

What does general sensation from pterygopalatine fossa?

Answer 23

V2 of CN V

Question 24

Exits of pterygopalatine fossa? What is in each of them?

Answer 24

1. Inferior orbital fissure- infraorbital nerve and artery, and parasympathetics on comm. branch on way to lacrimal gland.
2. Sphenopalatine foramen- sphenopalatine a, nasopalatine n, autonomics to nasal cavity
3. Palatine canal- descending palatine a, greater/lesser palatine nerves

Question 25

Borders of the pterygopalantine fossa?

Answer 25

pterygoid plates, maxillary sinus, nasal cavity, infratemporal fossa

Question 26

greater palatine (V2) branches into

Answer 26

Posterior inferior lateral brr. ALL LATERAL WALLS, as well as gums/hard palate