Triangles Flashcards
What are the boundaries of the posterior triangle?
- Trapezius
- Sternocleidomastoid
- clavicle
What is a contraction or shortening of the cervical muscles that produces twisting of the neck and slanting of the head?
Torticollis
- the most common type of torticollis (wry neck) results from a fibrous tissue tumor that develops in the sternocleidomastoid before or shortly after birth
- the lesion, like a normal unilateral SCM contraction, causes the head to tilt toward, and the face to turn away from, the affected side
What muscles make up the floor of the posterior triangle?
- splenius
- levator scapulae
- posterior scalene
- middle scalene
- Covers posterior scalene so dont see it as clear like the pic
- anterior scalene
- omohyoid
- half of its in the anterior and half is in the posterior
- attaches to scapula
What are the arteries in the posterior triangle?
Where does vertebral artery enter the foramen and why?
- Doesnt enter till C6 because of the vein goes through C7
What are the cutaneous nerves in the posterior triangle?
- Lesser occipital
- Greater auricular
- Supraclavicular
- Transverse Cervical
What is the sole motor supply to the diaphragm?
Phrenic nerve
- It lies superifcial to the anterior scalene
- Therefore, the phrenic nerve must be identified during thoracic surgery and preserved
- because the phrenic nerve arises from the neck, patients who suffer spinal cord injuries below the neck are still able to breathe effectively, despite any paralysis of the lower limbs
What is the nerve that crosses the posterior triangle and is the one that is most often cut?
Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN XI)
In the posterior triangle what two muscles does the brachial plexus run between?
Ant and middle scalene
What seperates the subclavian vien from the subclavian artery?
Anterior scalene
- Vein is anterior
- artery is posterior
What pierces the middle scalene muscle?
- Dorsal Scapular nerve
What are the boundaries of Anterior triangle?
- midline of the neck
- anterior border of the Sternocleiodmastoid
- inferior border of the mandible
- jugular notch of manubrium (apex)
- Roof is the platysma
What are the infrahydoid muscles of the anterior triangle?
What are the suprahyoid muscles of the anterior angle?
What is inside the carotid sheath?
common carotid artery
vagus nerve
internal jugular vein
What are the branches of external carotid artery?
What is the carotid sinus nerve a branch of?
Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)
What innervates the infrahyoid muscles are all innervated by?
the cervical plexus–specifically branches from the ansa cervicalis
