Triads, scores and pneumonics Flashcards
Samters Triad
asthma + aspirin sensitivity + nasal polyposis
Becks Triad
falling BP, rising JVP and muffled heart sound
cardiac tamponade
Charcots Triad
RUQ pain, fever and jaundice
ascending cholangitis
Child-Pugh score liver disease
PT Bilirubin Albumin encephalopathy Ascites
Curb 65
Conufion Urea >7 RR >30 SBP<90 or DBP <60 Age >65
CAGE
Cut down Annoyed Guilty Eye opener >1 suggests alcoholism
RF for endometrial cancer - NOTLUM
Nulliparrity Obese Tamoxifen Late menopause Unopposed oestrogen (HRT) Mellitus (DM)
HUS triad
Haemolytic anaemia, AKI and thrombocytopenia
Nephrotic syndrome triad
Proteinuria, odema, hypoalbuminaemia
Parkinsons triad
Bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor
CHA2DS2-VASc
Anticoagulation in AF - more than 1 in men and 2 in female - consider Congestive heart failure - 1 Hypertension - 1 Age ≥ 75 - 2 Age 65-74 - 1 Diabetes mellitus - 1 Stroke/TIA/thrombo-embolism - 2 Vascular disease - 1 Sex Female - 1
DAS28
measures disease activity in RA
HASBLED
Hypertension Uncontrolled, > 160 mmHg systolic - 1 Abnormal liver function - 1 Abnormal renal function - 1 Stroke - 1 Bleeding- 1 Labile INRs - 1 Elderly (Age >65) - 1 Drugs - 1 Alcohol - 1
ABCD2
Risk stratification in TIA - going out of favour
A Age >= 60 1
B Blood pressure >= 140/90 mmHg 1
C Clinical features unilateral weakness 2
speech disturbance without weakness 1
D1 Duration of symptoms >= 60 min 2
10-59 min 1
<10 min 0
D2 Diabetes diagnosed with diabetes? 1
HAD score
Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale - assesses severity of anxiety and depression symptoms
PHQ-9
Patient Health Questionnaire - assesses severity of depression symptoms
GAD-7
Used as a screening tool and severity measure for generalised anxiety disorder
Edinburgh PN score
Post natal depression
Epworth sleep scale
OSA
Ranson criteria
Acute pancreatitis prognosis
This can be defined as the presence of three or more of the following criteria within 48 hours of admission:
- PaO2 <8kPa
- Age >55years
- Neutrophilia (White cell count >15 x 10^9/L)
- Calcium <2mmol/L
- Renal function (urea >16mmol/L)
- Enzymes (LDH >600iu/L or AST >200iu/L)
- Albumin <32g/L
- Sugar (blood glucose >10mmol/L)
Gleason score
Indicates prognosis in prostate cancer
IPSS
International prostate symptom score
Bishop score
of cervix- predict need for induction of labour
Waterlow score
Assesses the risk of a patient developing a pressure sore
FRAX score
Risk assessment tool developed by WHO which calculates a patients 10-year risk of developing an osteoporosis related fracture
Keith-Wagener classification
Hypertensive retinopathy I Arteriolar narrowing and tortuosity Increased light reflex - silver wiring II Arteriovenous nipping III Cotton-wool exudates Flame and blot haemorrhages IV Papilloedema
Amsterdam Criteria
Three or more family members with a confirmed diagnosis of colorectal cancer, one of whom is a first degree (parent, child, sibling) relative of the other two.
Two successive affected generations.
One or more colon cancers diagnosed under age 50 years.
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) has been excluded.
Felty’s Syndrome
RA
Splenomegaly and neutropenia
Chandlers Classification
Periorbital Cellulitis
Kings criteria
Determine liver failure requiring immediate liver transplant after paracetamol overdose.
Includes measurement of creatinine, INR, acidaemia, encephalopathy, high lactate/phosphate
Rockall Score
Mortality after GI bleed
>8 = poor prognosis
<3 = Good prognosis
Glasgow blatchford score
Assess need intervention in Gi bleed (endoscopy of tranfusion)
0-1 discharge with OP OGD
>2 and stable = Referral to gastro reg and OGD in 24 hrs
>2 and unstable - urgent gastro review and emergency OGD
MUST
Malnutrition Universal screening tool
ALARMS Sx GORD
Anaemia Loss of weight Anorexia Recent onset/progressive Melna/haematemesis Swallowing difficulty
Saints Triad
Sliding Hiatus Hernia, gallstones and diverticular disease
Trosiers sign
Virchows node in supraclavicular fossa suggests metastatic abdominal malignancy
MASCC Score
Neutropenic sepsis
Score of more than 21 = okay to go home
Ann Arbor Staging system
Hodgkins lympoma
Stage 1-4 based on LN involvement