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Year 5 > Clinical Signs > Flashcards

Clinical Signs Flashcards

1
Q

Dactylitis

A

Sausage Finger

Seen in spondyloarthropathies, gout or infection

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2
Q

Palmar erythema

A

RA, alcohol, chronic liver disease, hyperthyroidism, OCP

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3
Q

Cutaneous Vasculitis

A

Usually painful

Seen in poorly managed RA,other causes of vasculitis and septic emboli

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4
Q

Psoriatic nails

A

Pitting/onycholysis/hyperkeratosis (thickening)

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5
Q

Rheumatoid Nodules

A

Often found on the extensor aspect of the forearm/hands/olecranon.Also can occur at sitesof injury/in the sclera of the eye or in the lungs

Tend to occur in RF +ve pts

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6
Q

Rheumatoid changes in Hand

A 
Sublaxation of MCP-J
Swan-neck deformity
Boutoniere Deformity
Z-shaped deformity of the thumb
Ulnar deviation fingers

N.B. Psoriatic arthritis can look identical

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7
Q

OA changes in Hand

A 
Heberdens nodes (osteophytes at DIP joints)
Bouchards nodes (PIP joints)
Squaring of thumb bases
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8
Q

Lhermittes sign

A

Tingling in her hands which comes on when she flexes her neck - electric shocks
Indicates disease near the dorsal column
MS,cervical stenosis

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9
Q

Uhthoff’s phenomenon:

A

worsening of vision following rise in body temperature

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10
Q

Kernigs sign

A

knee and hip flexed when lying down

pain in neck when extend knee

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11
Q

Hoffman’s sign

A

elicited by flicking the distal phalaynx of the middle finger to cause momentary flexion. A positive result is exaggerated flexion of the terminal phalanyx of the thumb
cervical compression and MS

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12
Q

Straight leg raise

A

this is positively associated with radicular pathology such as disc herniation. The patient feels pain in the back when the leg is raised between 30-60 degrees.

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13
Q

Trousseau sign of malignancy

A

Migratory thrombophlebtitis
Pancreatic Ca
Recurrent thrombophlebitis which moves around the body

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14
Q

Trousseau sign of latent tetany

A

Hypocalcaemia

Fingers curl up when BP cuff inflated

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15
Q

Nikolsky’s sign

A

the epidermis separates with mild lateral pressure

seen in toxic epidermal necrosis

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16
Q

Pulsus Paradoxus

A

Drop of BP by more than 10mmHg with inspiration

Aathma, cardiac tamponade

17
Q

Kussmaul’s sign

A

Rise in JVP on inspiration. Suggests right heart dysfunction

18
Q

Wickman’s striae

A

whitish lines visible in the papules of lichen planus and other dermatoses, typically in the oral mucosa

19
Q

Regimental badge numbness

A

Axillary nerve damage, common after shoulder dislocation

20
Q

Thyroid eye disease

A

Lid retraction, proptosis and opthalmaplegia

21
Q

Russels sign

A

Marks on hand from self-induced vomiting

22
Q

Lisch Nodules

A

Neurofibramtosis 1 -

23
Q

Brushfield spots

A

Downs syndrome

white/greyish spots in periphery of iris.

24
Q

Kaysers Fleischer rings

A

Wilsons

25
Q

Band keratopathy

A

Hypercalcaemia

Bands along cornea

26
Q

Hypertrichosis

A

Excessive hair growth all over body

27
Q

Murmur continuous through systole and diastole in newborn

A 
Ebsteins anomaly associated with lithium use in pregnancy
Tricuspid regurgitation (pan-systolic murmur) and tricuspid stenosis (mid-diastolic murmur). There is also enlargement of the right atrium
28
Q

Fouchers sign

A

Bakers cyst becomes tense on extending the leg

29
Q

Argyll robertson pupil

A

Pupil constricts to accommodation but poor response to light

Diabetic retinopathy and neurosyphyillis

30
Q

Horners syndrome

A 
Defect in sympathetic
Affected pupil is smaller - Delay in dilation in dark
Mild upper lid ptosis
Lower lid higher
Decreased sweating
31
Q

B Symptoms

A

unexplained weight loss >10% in 6 months
unexplained fever >38
night sweats - drenching and have to change

32
Q

Clinicalsign of rasied ATCH

A

Hyperpigmentation

Year 5 (9 decks)

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