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Trematodes Flashcards

1
Q

Intestinal species

A
  • Fasciolopsis buski
  • Heterophyes heterophyes
  • Metagonimus yokogawai
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2
Q

Liver species

A
  • Fasciola hepatica
  • Clonorchis sinensis
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3
Q

Lung specie

A

Paragonimus westermani

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4
Q

Dioecious flukes

A

• Schistosoma mansoni
• Schistosoma japonicum
• Schistosoma haematobium

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5
Q

Heterophid flukes

A

Heterophyes heterophyes
Metagonimus yokogawai

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6
Q

____ contain a lidlike structure that under the appropriate conditions flips open to release its contents for further development, called an _____

A

-eggs
-operculum

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7
Q

Larval stages

A

Miracidium
Sporocysts
Rediae
Cercariae
Metacercariae

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8
Q

is ciliated, and its prominent internal features include eyespots, various penetration glands, and numerous excretorycells and tubules

A

Miracidium

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9
Q

are simple, tubular or branched germinal sacs

A

Sporocysts

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10
Q

are tubular germinal sacs which possess an oral sucker and rudimentary digestive system, a birth pore, and small ambulatory appendages. This one contains developing cercariae.

A

Rediae

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11
Q

resemble miniature adults, with a similar body shape, digestive system and ornamentation to the adults they will become

A

Cercariae

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12
Q

Large intestinal fluke

A

Fasciolopsis buski

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13
Q

Fasciolopsis buski
MORPHOLOGY: EGGS

A

• Are broadly ellipsoidal, operculated
• Measures 130 to 150 µm long by 60 to 90 µm • Difficult to distinguish from Fasciola hepatica eggs.

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14
Q

Fasciolopsis buski
Morphology: Adult

A

• Somewhat oblong and fleshy
• Averagesize is 5 by 1.5cm.
• Have a poorly-developed oral and ventral suckers.
• Reside in the intestine of mammalian host

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15
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

  • intermediate host:
  • genera:
  • reservoir host:
A
  • snails
  • hippeutis and segmentina
  • rabbits, pigs, and dogs
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16
Q

Sheep liver fluke

A

Fasciola hepatica

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17
Q

Fasciola hepatica main definitive hosts

A

domestic and wild ruminants

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18
Q

Fasciola hepatica
* definitive host:
* intermediate host (and its genera):
* accidental host:

A
  • DEFINITIVE HOSTS: sheep, cattle, and goats, camelids, cevids, and buffalo
  • INTERMEDIATE HOSTS: Snails in the genera Lymnaea, Galba, Fossaria and Pseudosuccinea.
  • ACCIDENTALHOST:Humans
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19
Q

Fasciola hepatica disease

A

FASCIOLOPSIS “SHEEP LIVER ROT”

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20
Q

is limited to the areas of the Far East, including parts of China, Thailand, Taiwan, and Vietnam, as well as regions in India and Indonesia

A

Fasciolopsis buski

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21
Q

is found worldwide, particularly in areas in which sheep andcattleare raised

A

Fasciola hepatica

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22
Q

Fasciolopsis buski and Fasciola hepatica treatment

A
  • Infections with Fasciolopsis buski can be treated with PRAZIQUANTEL
  • Infections with Fasciola hepatica has been successfully treated with DICHLOROPHENOL(Bithionol).TRICLABENDAZOLE is more effective.
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23
Q

• It is equipped with a distinct operculum opposite to a small knob.
• A thick rim is strategically located around the operculum and is referred to as shoulders.

A

C. sinensis eggs

24
Q

“CHINESE or ORIENTAL LIVER FLUKE”

A

C. sinensis

25
Q

Important foodborne pathogen and cause of liver disease in Asia

A

C. sinensis

26
Q

C sinensis lab diagnosis and treatment

A
  • recovery of eggs from stool specimens or duodenal aspirates. (Enterotest may also be perform)
  • Praziquantel or Albendazole
27
Q

C. sinensis reservoir hosts

A

fish-eating mammals, dogs, and cats

28
Q

A minute intestinal fluke

A

H. heterophyes

29
Q

The smallest human fluke

A

Metagonimus yokogawai

30
Q

Shell thickness

M. yokogawai:
H. heterophyes:

A
  • thin
  • thick
31
Q

• An opercular rim (shoulders) surrounds the prominent operculum.
• An obvious terminal shell thickening is located in the end opposite the operculum.

A

P. westermani eggs

32
Q

• The cuticle of P. westermani possesses spines
• It has a lobed ovary located anterior to two branching testes.
• Possess oral and ventral suckers

A

P. westermani adult worm

33
Q

Oriental lung fluke

A

P. westermani

34
Q

P westermani

First IH:
Second IH:

A
  • snail
  • crustaceans
35
Q

Paragonimiasis disease phases

A
  • Acute Phase (invasion and migration)
  • Chronic Phase:
    • PARAGONIMASIS: PULMONARY DISTOMIASIS
  • CEREBRAL PARAGONIMIASIS
36
Q

Manson’s blood fluke

A

S. mansoni

37
Q

Blood fluke

A

S. japonicum

38
Q

Bladder fluke

A

S. haematobium

39
Q

Has a prominent large lateral spine

A

S. mansoni eggs

40
Q

Has a small lateral spine

A

S. japonicum eggs

41
Q

Has a large, prominent, terminal spine

A

S. haematobium eggs

42
Q

Theo nlyTrematodes that have separate sexes, with the female residing in a gynecophoral canal within the male.

A

Schistosoma species

43
Q

M. yokogawai first IH: snail in the genus ____

A

Semisulcospira

44
Q

H. heterophyes first IH/main IH in Southeast Asia

A

Cerithideopsilla cingulate

45
Q

Heterophid flukes second IH

A

fresh/brackish water fish

46
Q

Heterophid flukes treatment

A

Praziquantel

47
Q

• Schistosoma mansoni IH are
• Schistosoma japonicum IH are
• Schistosoma haematobium IH are

A

Biomphalaria spp.
Oncomelania spp.
Bullinus spp.

48
Q

Upon release from the snail, the infective cercariae swim, penetrate the skin of the human host and shed their forked tails,becoming _________

A

Schistosomulae

49
Q

is more frequently found in the superior mesenteric veins draining the small intestine

A

• S.japonicum

50
Q

occurs more often in the inferior mesenteric veins draining the large intestine

A

• S.mansoni

51
Q

most often inhabits in the vesicular and pelvic plexus of the bladder, but can also be found in the rectal venules.

A

• S. haematobium

52
Q

considered the second most serious parasitic infection, only after malaria, in terms of mortality and morbidity

A

Schistosomiasis

53
Q

Schistosoma spp reservoir hosts

A

monkeys, cattle and other livestock, rodents

54
Q

is believed to originate in the Old World because it is primarily in parts of Africa

A

S. mansoni

55
Q

is limited in the Far East which includes parts of China, Indonesia, and the Philippines

A

S. japonicum

Parasitology (6 decks)

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