Tree Properties and Forest Types

Question 1

dormancy

Answer 1

enzymatic condition that keeps a plant from growing early

Question 2

rest

Answer 2

trees need the right conditions to be able to grow

Question 3

Degrees of Dormancy

Answer 3

Early: shallow dormancy (dropping leaves, getting ready for winter) Middle: deep dormancy (ready for winter conditions Late: shallow dormancy (“waking up” after winter)

Question 4

conditions that cause the worst winter damage

Answer 4

yo-yo temps (up and down) in Nov+Dec or Mar and Apr when the tree is not in deep dormancy, causing the buds to freeze, etc

Question 5

initiation of dormancy

Answer 5

shorter days and colder temperatures

Question 6

immersion from dormancy

Answer 6

1) warming temps 2) longer days 3) # hours of “chill requirement” are met

Question 7

chemical for green color

Answer 7

chlorophyll

Question 8

chemical for red color

Answer 8

anthocyanin (indication of stress to plant)

Question 9

chemical(s) for yellow color

Answer 9

carotin and anthophyll

Question 10

boreal forests occur in…

Answer 10

Canada, Northern Maine, Northern New Hampshire (Spruce, Fir)

Question 11

deciduous hardwood forests occur in…

Answer 11

New York and New England (Beech, Birch, Maple)

Question 12

mixed mesophytic forests occur in…

Answer 12

Michigan, Pennsylvania, Ohio (Oak, Pine, Hemlock)

Question 13

southern broadleaf forests occur in…

Answer 13

the South (Evergreen Oaks, Holly, Magnolia, Needle Pine)

Question 14

definition of savanna

Answer 14

grassy area with very few trees

Question 15

grasslands

Answer 15

largest area in US, we have farmed it all and are now trying to regrow it

Question 16

rainforests in the US

Answer 16

redwood forests in California

Question 17

what grows on west side of mountains

Answer 17

moist temperate (Firs, Douglasfir)

Question 18

what grows on east side of mountains

Answer 18

dry (Ponderosa Pine and grass)

Question 19

what grows on western foothills

Answer 19

dry site plants (Juniper, Evergreen Oak)

Question 20

Definition of non-indigenous species

Answer 20

plants and animals that adversely affect the habitats and bioregions they invade economically, environmentally, and/or ecologically

Question 21

Groundcover growth

Answer 21

Sleep (1st yr), Creep (2nd yr), and Leap (3rd yr)