Tree Properties and Forest Types Flashcards
dormancy
enzymatic condition that keeps a plant from growing early
rest
trees need the right conditions to be able to grow
Degrees of Dormancy
Early: shallow dormancy (dropping leaves, getting ready for winter) Middle: deep dormancy (ready for winter conditions Late: shallow dormancy (“waking up” after winter)
conditions that cause the worst winter damage
yo-yo temps (up and down) in Nov+Dec or Mar and Apr when the tree is not in deep dormancy, causing the buds to freeze, etc
initiation of dormancy
shorter days and colder temperatures
immersion from dormancy
1) warming temps 2) longer days 3) # hours of “chill requirement” are met
chemical for green color
chlorophyll
chemical for red color
anthocyanin (indication of stress to plant)
chemical(s) for yellow color
carotin and anthophyll
boreal forests occur in…
Canada, Northern Maine, Northern New Hampshire (Spruce, Fir)
deciduous hardwood forests occur in…
New York and New England (Beech, Birch, Maple)
mixed mesophytic forests occur in…
Michigan, Pennsylvania, Ohio (Oak, Pine, Hemlock)
southern broadleaf forests occur in…
the South (Evergreen Oaks, Holly, Magnolia, Needle Pine)
definition of savanna
grassy area with very few trees
grasslands
largest area in US, we have farmed it all and are now trying to regrow it
rainforests in the US
redwood forests in California
what grows on west side of mountains
moist temperate (Firs, Douglasfir)
what grows on east side of mountains
dry (Ponderosa Pine and grass)
what grows on western foothills
dry site plants (Juniper, Evergreen Oak)
Definition of non-indigenous species
plants and animals that adversely affect the habitats and bioregions they invade economically, environmentally, and/or ecologically
Groundcover growth
Sleep (1st yr), Creep (2nd yr), and Leap (3rd yr)
