Treatments for COVID-19

Question 1

What vaccine has been found to increase the response of both the specific AND innate systems?

Answer 1

The BCG

Question 2

How does the Specific arm of the immune system ramp up functioning of the Innate arm after the BCG?

Answer 2

Using Interleukin-2

Question 3

What are the two arms of the immune system?

Answer 3

Innate. Specific.

Question 4

What study was published in the Lancet on 29 April 2020?

Answer 4

Chinese Remdesivir RCT

Question 5

How many people were in the Chinese Remdesivir study?

Answer 5

237

Question 6

What are 2 endpoints studied in the Chinese Remdesivir RCT?

Answer 6

Time to recovery, mortality.

Question 7

What were the results in the Chinese Remdesivir study?

Answer 7

No difference in time to recovery or mortality.

Question 8

What NIH study was published at the same time as the Chinese Remdesivir RCT?

Answer 8

The NIH Adaptive COVID-19 Treatment Trial (ACTT)

Question 9

How many patients in the ACTT?

Answer 9

1,063

Question 10

What were the findings at the part-way point in the ACTT?

Answer 10

SS diff in Time to Recovery (11 v 15d; p<0.001) Mortality diff (8% vs 11.6% not SS)

Question 11

What is the formula for NNT?

Answer 11

1/ARR

Question 12

What is the NNT for Remdesivir based on the ACTT?

Answer 12

1/(11.6-8)/100 = 1/0.036 = 28