Measles Flashcards
How is a fetus protected from measles?
IgG transplacental antibody transit from mother
How long does transplacental IgG transfer protect an infant after birth?
Approximately 9 months.
In an outbreak what can be given to non-immune household contacts and what is the timeframe to give it?
The vaccine, within 72 hours of First Contact.[CDCM - There is some evidence that a single dose of MMR vaccine, when given to an unvaccinated person within 72 hours of first contact with an infectious person, may reduce the risk of developing disease.]
In an outbreak what can be given to non-immune pregnant women and infants for prophylaxis?
Immunoglobulin if pre-prodromal
What is the R0 for the measles virus?
12-18
MoH, Imms Handbook 2020
In 2017 what status was verified in New Zealand by the WHO?
Having eliminated endemic measles.
How long after measles vaccination is IgM detected?
1-2 months
What is the incubation period for measles from exposure to a) fever, and b) rash?
Typically: 10 days till onset of fever; 14 days till onset of rash
What is the survival time outside the body?
2 hours
What is the mode of transmission?
Airborne or by direct contact with nasal/throat secretions
When is the period of communicability?
5 days before to 5 days after appearance of rash.
What treatments are used with measles and what do they address?
a) symptomatic
b) vitA in hospital to reduce risk of fatality & eye complications
What are the symptoms of measles in the enanthem phase?
Koplik spots
What are the symptoms of measles in the exanthem phase?
Cephalocaudal maculopapular rash
State 4 genomic features of the measles virus from smallest to largest.
1) 16k bases,
2) single strand negative sense RNA,
3) 6 genes,
4) 24 genotypes
