Treatments

Question 1

What are the treatment options for COPD? And why? (5)

Answer 1

1) Smoking cessation : prevents worsening
2) Infection protection: occasional antibiotics, vaccines
3) Symptom management:
- Short acting beta 2 agonist e.g salbutamol as required
- Long acting = muscarnic antagonists e.g Ipratropium
- Corticosteroids: beclometasone
4) Anti inflammatory = oral corticosteroids (prednisolone) for exarcerbations
- Bronhodilators:
5) Pulmonary rehabilitation: improve exercise capacity

Question 2

Give a common short acting beta 2 agonist used in obstructive lung diseases

Answer 2

Salbutamol

Question 3

Give an oral corticosteroid used to reduce inflammation in resp conditions e.g COPD

Answer 3

Prednisolone

Question 4

Extrinsic allergic alveolitis treatment (3)

Answer 4

• Remove allergen source
• Acute O2/hydrocortisone/prednisolone
• Long term steroids

Question 5

Acute asthma (4)

Answer 5

• Oxygen therapy via rebreather mask
• Bronchodilators
• Steroids
• Magnesium sulfate

Question 6

Puenomothorax (2)

Answer 6

• Aspirate with cannula: 2nd intercostal space mid clavicular line
• Chest drain : 5th intercostal space mid axillary line

Question 7

Puemonia (6)

Answer 7

• Oxygen
• Nebulised bronchodilaors
• Fluids
• Antibiotis
• Corticosteroids
• Resp physio

Question 8

Puemonia antibiotics based on CURB (3)

Answer 8

0-1: Amoxicillin
2 - Amoxicillin + macrolide
3 - 5 Beta lactamase stable beta lactams + macrolide