Treatments

Question 1

What are the lower extremity DTR

Answer 1

Knee jerk: L3/4

Achilles (S1/2)

Question 2

Standard training principles

Answer 2

Specificity, overload, reversibility, individuality

Question 3

Contraindications to resisted exercises:

Answer 3

• acute inflammation
• joint effusion
• severe CVD
• #
• joint/mm pain during AROM or isometric testing

Question 4

Stretching contraindications:

Answer 4

• Acute inflammation or infection
• unhealed #
• joint effusion
• recent corticosteroid injection
• hypermobile segment

Precautions:
- suspected OP, elderly, edema tissue

Question 5

PNF:

• physical requirements
• types

Answer 5

Requires normal innervations and voluntary control of either shortened mm or its opposing mm

Types:

• Hold-Relax:
• Agonist contract
• Hold-contract agonist contract:

Question 6

FITT parameters:

• strength
• power
• hyper trophy
• endurance
• ROM
• stretching

Answer 6

• strength: >85% of 1RM, 12reps, 2-3 sets,

Question 7

Joint mobilizations:

• indications
• contraindications:
• precautions:

Answer 7

Indications:
- dec passive movement, early capsular endfeel, mechanical pain
Contraindications:
- #, neoplasm, acute inflammation, instability, joint infection, SC symptom, spasm, bony end feel
Precautions:
- circulation, sensation, OP, hemophilia, wound

Question 8

Joint mobilizations:

• Rx:
• Effects

Answer 8

Rx: 3 X 10s bouts, re-ax (active + passive) repeat X 2
- warn patient about treatment soreness, etc

Effects:

• neuro physical (dec mm tone, endorphins. Enkephalins release),
• mechanoreceptor stimulation ( pain gaiting)
• vascular effects (joint nutrition)
• mechanical effects (mobilize collagen, neuromenigeal tissues, joint lubrication, elongate capsule

Question 9

Joint manipulation:

• indication
• effects

Answer 9

Restore full ROM if mobs are no long effective when a Non-capsular pattern present
“Always suspect underlying hypermobility and Re-ax stability

Effects:
- tearing of scar tissue, stretch of joint capsule, stim of mechanoreceptor and neurophysiological effects.

Question 10

DTFM:

• purpose
• effects
• Rx
• contraindications

Answer 10

Purpose:
- regain mobility, prevent scar adhesions, create hyperemia, analgesia
Effects: hyperemia, mechanical stress to break adhesions + align collagen, mechanoreceptor stim and dec pain

Rx: 2-3 Hz, 3-20 mins, perpendictular to tissue

• mm only sub acute/chronic, ligament/tendon anytime
• mm belly relaxed, tendon/ lig on painfree stretch

Contraindications:
- infection, skin breakdown, ossification, CT or inflamm joint, bursitis, neural irritation, anti coagulant drug, decreased sensation, long term steroids

Question 11

Metabolic syndrome:

- diagnostic criteria

Answer 11

• Increased BP
• fasting blood glucose
• waist girth
• triglycerides
• dec HDL