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USMLE Step 1 > Treatments > Flashcards

Treatments Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

absence seizures

A

ethosuximide

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2
Q

acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, cochicine

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3
Q

acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

all-trans retinoic acid

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4
Q

ADHD

A

methylphenidate, amphetamines

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5
Q

alcohol use disorder

A

AA + disulfiram, naltrexone, or acamprosate for patient. Al-anon for family

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6
Q

alcohol withdrawal

A

benzos

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7
Q

anorexia

A

nutrition, psychotherapy

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8
Q

anticoagulation during pregnancy

A

heparin

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9
Q

arrythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

class IB antiarrythmic - lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide (lettuce mayo tomato)

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10
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

Tamsulosin, finasteride

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11
Q

bipolar disorder

A

lithium, valproate, carbamazepine, lamotrigine (mood stabilizers)

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12
Q

breast cancer in postmenopausal woman

A

aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

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13
Q

Buerger disease

A

smoking cessation

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14
Q

bulimia nervosa

A

SSRIs

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15
Q

Candida albicans

A

amphotericin B (systemic), nystatin (oral thrush), azoles (vaginitis)

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16
Q

carcinoid syndrome

A

octreotide (octa-8 minus trio-3 = 5HT = high SE)

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17
Q

chlamydia trachomatis

A

doxycycline (+ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

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18
Q

chronic gout

A

Probenecid (underexcretor), allopurinol (overproducer), febuxostat

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19
Q

chronic hepatitis

A

IFN-alpha

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20
Q

chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

imatinib

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21
Q

clostridium botulinum

A

antitoxin

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22
Q

clostridium difficile

A

oral metronidazole; if refractory, oral vancomycin

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23
Q

clostridium tetani

A

antitoxin + vaccine booster + diazepam

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24
Q

CMV

A

ganciclovir

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25
Q

Crohn disease

A

corticosteroids, infliximab, methotrexate, azathioprine

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26
Q

cryptococcrus neoformans

A

fluconazole (prophylaxis in AIDS patients)

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27
Q

cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

A

mesna

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28
Q

depression

A

SSRIs

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29
Q

diabetes insipidus

A

DDAVP (central); hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)

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30
Q

diabetes mellitus type I

A

dietary intervention (low sugar) + insulin replacement

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31
Q

DM type II

A

dietary invervention, oral hypoglycemics, insulin (if refractory)

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32
Q

diabetic ketoacidosis

A

fluids, insulin, K+

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33
Q

enterococci

A

vancomycin/ampicillin + aminoglycoside

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34
Q

erectile dysfunction

A

sildenafil, vardenafil

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35
Q

ER (+) breast cancer

A

tamoxifen

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36
Q

ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

A

fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

37
Q

H flu type B

A

rifampin (prophylaxis)

38
Q

general anxiety

A

buspirone

39
Q

granulomatosis with poyangiitis (wegener)

A

cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

40
Q

heparin toxicity

A

protamine sulfate

41
Q

HER2/neu (+) breast cancer

A

trastuzumab

42
Q

hyperaldosteronism

A

spironolactone

43
Q

hypercholesterolemia

A

statin

44
Q

hypertriglyceridemia

A

fibrate, niacin

45
Q

immediate anticoagulation

A

heparin

46
Q

infertility

A

leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), clomiphene

47
Q

influenza

A

rimantidine, oseltamivir

48
Q

legionella pneumophila

A

erythromycin

49
Q

long-term anticoagulation

A

warfarin

50
Q

malaria

A

choloroquine/mefloquine (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)

51
Q

malignant hyperthermia

A

dantrolene

52
Q

medical abortion

A

mifepristone

53
Q

migraine

A

sumatriptan

54
Q

MRSA

A

vancomycin

55
Q

MS

A

beta-interferon, immunosuppression, natalizumab

56
Q

mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)

57
Q

neisseria gonorrhea

A

ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent chlamydia)

58
Q

Neisseria meningitidis

A

penicillin/cerftriaxone, rifampin (prophylaxis)

59
Q

neural tube defect prevention

A

prenatal folic acid

60
Q

osteomalacia/ricets

A

vit D sup

61
Q

osteoporosis

A

bisphosphonates; calcium and vitamin D supplementation

62
Q

patent ductus arteriosus

A

indomethacin

63
Q

pheochromocytoma

A

alpha-antagonists (eg phenoxybenzamine)

64
Q

pneumocystis jirovecii

A

TMP-SMX(prophylaxis in AIDS patients)

65
Q

prolactinoma

A

bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)

66
Q

prostate cancer/uterine fibroids

A

leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

67
Q

prostate carcinoma

A

flutamide

68
Q

pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic)

A

sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol

69
Q

Rickettsia rickettsii

A

doxycycline, chloramphenicol (assoc with aplastic anemia)

70
Q

ringworm infections

A

terbinafine, griseofulvin, imidazole

71
Q

schizophrenia - rx for negative symptoms

A

5HT2A antagonists - 2nd gen antipsychotics

72
Q

schizophrenia - rx for positive symptoms

A

D2R antagonists (1st and 2nd gen antipsychotics)

73
Q

SIADH (Syndrome of Innappropro AntiDiuretic Hormone)

A

demeclocycline, lithium, vasopressin receptor antagonists

74
Q

sickle cell

A

hydroxyurea (increase fetal hgb)

75
Q

Sporothrix schenckii

A

potassium iodide (oral)

76
Q

stable angina

A

sublingual nitroglycerin

77
Q

Staph aureus

A

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin; MRSA: vancomycin

78
Q

Strep bovis

A

penicillin prophylaxis; eval for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

79
Q

Strep pneumoniae

A

penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia); vancomycin (meningitis)

80
Q

Strep pyogenes

A

penicillin prophylaxis

81
Q

temporal arteritis

A

high dose steroids

82
Q

tonic-clonic seizures

A

phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine

83
Q

toxoplasma gondii

A

sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

84
Q

Treponema pallidum

A

penicillin

85
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

metronidazole (patient and partner)

86
Q

trigeminal neuralgia

A

carbamazepine

87
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

5-ASA, infliximab, colectomy

88
Q

UTI prophylaxis

A

TMP-SMX

89
Q

Warfarin toxicity

A

fresh frozen plasma (acute); vitamin K (chronic)

USMLE Step 1 (11 decks)

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