Key Associations Flashcards
aortic aneurysm, abdominal and descending aorta
atherosclerosis
aortic aneurysm - arch (thoracic)
tertiary syphilis, vasa vasorum destruction
aortic aneursym - asecending aorta
Marfan syndrome (idiopathic cystic medial degeneration)
atrophy of mamillary bodies
Wernicke encephalopathy
autosplenectomy (fibrosis and shrinkage)
sickle cell anemia (hgb S)
bacteria associated with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and stomach cancer
H pylori
bacterial meningitis - adults and elderly
Strep pneumo
bacterial meningitis - newborns
Group B Strep, E coli
bacterial meningitis - kids
Strep pneumo, Neisseria meningitidis
benign melanocytic nevus
Spitz nevus (most common in 1st two decades)
bleeding disorder with GpIb deficiency
Bernard-Soulier syndrome (defect in platelet adhesion to von willebrand factor)
brain tumor (adults)
supratentorial. metastasis > astrocytoma (including GBM) > meningioma > schwannoma
brain tumor (kids)
infratentorial. medulloblastoma (CBL) or supratentorial: craniopharyngioma
breast cancer
infiltrating ductal carcinoma
breast mass
fibrocystic change, carcinoma (in postmenopausal women)
breast tumor (benign)
fibroadenoma
cardiac primary tumor (kids)
rhabdomyoma - often seen in tuberous sclerosis
cardiac manifestation of lupus
Libman-Sacks endocarditis (nonbacterial, affects both sides of mitral valve)
cardiac tumor (adults)
metastasis, primary myxoma (4:1 left to right atrium- “ball and valve”)
cerebellar tonsillar herniation
Chiari II malformation
chronic arrythmia
a-fib (high risk of emboli)
chronic atrophic gastritis (autoimmune)
predisposition to gastric carcinoma (can also cause pernicious anemia)
clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina
DES exposure in utero
compression fracture
osteoporosis (type I: postmenopausal woman, type II: elderly man or woman)
congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypotension
21-hydroxylase deficiency
congenital cardiac anomaly
VSD
congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (black liver)
Dubin-Johnson syndrome - inability of hepatocytes to secrete conjugated bilirubin into bile)
constrictive pericarditis
TB (developing), SLE (1st world)
coronary artery involved in thrombosis
LAD > RCA > LCA
cretinism
iodine deficit/hypothyroidism
Cushing syndrome
iatrogenic cushing (from corticosteroid therapy), adrenocortical adenoma (secretes excess cortisol), ACTH secreting pituitary adenoma, paraneoplastic Cushing (due to ACTH secretion by tumors)
early cyanosis
Tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of great vessels, truncus arteriosus
late cyanosis
VSD, ASD, PDA
death in CML
blast crisis
death in SLE
lupus nephropathy
dementia
alzheimer, multiple infarcts
DIC
severe sepsis, obstetric complications, cancer, burns, trauma, major surgery
diverticulum in pharynx
Zenker diverticulum (dx by barium swallow)
ejection click
aortic stenosis
esophageal cancer
squamous cell carcinoma (worldwide), adenocarcinoma (US)
food poisoning (exotoxin mediated)
Staph aureus, B cereus
glomerulonephritis (adults)
Berger disease (IgA nephropathy)
gynecologic malignancy
endometrial carcinoma (most common in US), cervical carcinoma (most common worldwide)
heart murmur, congenital
mitral valve prolapse