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CSO Exam 2025 > Treatment-Related Side Effects > Flashcards

Treatment-Related Side Effects Flashcards

1
Q

How does cisplatin affect micronutrient levels?

A

Decrease in magnesium

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2
Q

What are possible acute side effects of head and neck radiation?

A
  • Fatigue
  • Mouth changes (dysgeusia, oral mucositis, xerostomia)
  • Skin changes (erythema, pruritis, moist desquamation)
  • Throat changes (dysphagia, odynophagia, esophagitis)
  • Thick saliva
  • Oral infections
  • Stiffness of jaw
  • Earaches
  • Hair loss (in treatment field)
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3
Q

What are possible acute side effects of breast radiation?

A
  • Fatigue
  • Hair loss (in treatment field)
  • Skin changes (erythema, pruritis, moist desquamation)
  • Tenderness and swelling of breast
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4
Q

What are possible acute side effects of pelvis and rectum radiation?

A
  • Diarrhea
  • Fatigue
  • Hair loss (in treatment field)
  • Sexuality and fertility changes
  • Skin changes (erythema, pruritis, moist desquamation)
  • Urinary and bladder changes (urinary frequency, cystitis, incontinence)
  • Rectal bleeding
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5
Q

What are possible acute side effects of brain radiation?

A
  • Fatigue
  • Hair loss (in treatment field)
  • N/V
  • Skin changes (erythema, pruritis, moist desquamation)
  • Headache
  • Blurry vision
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6
Q

What are possible acute side effects of chest radiation?

A
  • Fatigue
  • Hair loss (in treatment field)
  • N/V
  • Skin changes (erythema, pruritis, moist desquamation)
  • Throat changes (dysphagia, odynophagia, esophagitis)
  • Cough
  • Dyspnea
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7
Q

What are possible acute side effects of stomach and abdomen radiation?

A
  • Diarrhea
  • Fatigue
  • Hair loss (in treatment field)
  • N/V
  • Sexuality and fertility changes
  • Skin changes (erythema, pruritis, moist desquamation)
  • Urinary and bladder changes (urinary frequency, cystitis, incontinence)
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8
Q

What are possible late side effects of radiation to brain?

A
  • Headache
  • Leukoencephalopathy
  • Dementia
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9
Q

What are some possible late side effects of radiation to bone?

A
  • Damage to osteoblasts
  • Osteopenia
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10
Q

What are some possible late side effects of radiation to the cardiovascular system?

A
  • Angina on exertion
  • Pericarditis
  • Cardiac enlargement
  • CHF
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11
Q

What are some possible late side effects of radiation to esophagus?

A
  • Esophageal stenosis, fibrosis, or necrosis
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12
Q

What are some possible late side effects of radiation to GI tract?

A
  • Diarrhea
  • Malabsorption
  • Chronic enteritis or colitis
  • Intestinal changes (stricture, ulceration, obstruction, perforation, fistula)
  • Proctitis
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13
Q

What are some possible late side effects of radiation to the head and neck?

A
  • Trismus (restriction of the range of motion of the jaw)
  • Dental decay
  • Permanent xerostomia
  • Alterations in taste and smell
  • Osteoradionecrosis (bone death due to radiation)
  • Mucosal sensitivity
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14
Q

What are some possible late side effects of radiation to lymphatics?

A
  • Secondary lymphedema in irrdiated area
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15
Q

What are some possible late side effects of radiation to the pulmonary system?

A
  • Dyspnea
  • Cough
  • Pneumonitis
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16
Q

What are some possible late side effects of radiation to sexual organs?

A
  • Changes in menstruation
  • Symptoms of menopause
  • Infertility
  • Erectile dysfunction
17
Q

What are some possible late side effects of radiation to the skin?

A
  • Telangiectasis (dilated small blood vessels)
  • Pigmentation changes
  • Atrophy
  • Fibrosis
18
Q

What are some possible late side effects of radiation to the urinary system?

A
  • Hematuria
  • Cystitis
19
Q

What are possible acute and late side effects of total body irradiation that affects the bone marrow?

A

Acute: anemia, neutropenia, pancytopenia, hemorrhage, infection
Late: secondary hematological cancers

20
Q

What are possible acute and late side effects of total body irradiation that affects the brain and CNS?

A

Acute: confusion, meningitis
Late: cognitive changes, memory loss

21
Q

What are possible acute and late side effects of total body irradiation that affects the GI system?

A

Acute: xerostomia, mucositis, esophagitis, N/V/D, electrolyte imbalance, acute GVHD
Late: radiation enteritis, denudation of small intestine villi, chronic GVHD

22
Q

What are possible acute and late side effects of total body irradiation that affects the skin?

A

Acute: generalized erythema, hyperpigmentation
Late: fibrosis, delayed wound healing, increased risk for basal cell cancers

23
Q

What are the possible acute and late side effects of brachytherapy for breast cancer?

A

No known nutrition-related side effects

24
Q

What are the possible acute and late side effects of brachytherapy for gynecological cancers?

A

Acute: N/D, discomfort when urinating
Late: diarrhea, bladder irritation

25
Q

What are the possible acute and late side effects of brachytherapy for esophageal cancers?

A

Acute: esophagitis, dysphagia, odynophagia
Late: esophageal stenosis, fibrosis, ulcerations

26
Q

What are the possible acute and late side effects of brachytherapy for prostate cancer?

A

Acute: discomfort when urinating, diarrhea, cramping, bloating, flatulence, proctitis
Late: urinary stricture, incontinence, diarrhea

27
Q

What are the possible acute and late side effects of brachytherapy for tongue cancer?

A

Acute: mucositis, xerostomia, taste alterations
Late: xerostomia, mucosal fibrosis, ulcerations

28
Q

What are the possible acute and late side effects of the radiopharmaceutical Samarium 153 (Quadramet) which is used for metastatic bone pain?

A

Acute: myelosuppression (anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia), N/V, neurological changes (dizziness, peripheral neuropathy)
Late: risk of secondary malignancy

29
Q

What are the possible acute and late side effects of the radiopharmaceutical Strontium 89 (Metastron) which is used for metastatic bone pain?

A

Acute: myelosuppression (anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia), temporary increase in bone pain, flushing
Late: risk of secondary malignancy

30
Q

What are the possible acute and late side effects of the radiopharmaceutical Radium 223 (Xofigo) which is used for metastatic bone pain?

A

Acute: myelosuppression (anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia), N/V/D, neurological changes (peripheral edema)
Late: none of note

CSO Exam 2025 (25 decks)

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