treatment of URT/LRT

Question 1

strep pneumo

Answer 1

1. penicillin (if susceptible)
   - ceftriaxone, fluoroquinolones, azithromycin
2. vancomycin for severe infection

Question 2

pseudomonas

Answer 2

• cefepime
• carbapenem
• ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolones)
• piperacillin/tazobactam
• gentamicin (aminoglycoside)

Question 3

H. flu

Answer 3

1. amoxicillin

2. ceftriaxone for more serious infection

Question 4

mycoplasma pneumoniae

Answer 4

• doxycycline
• macrolide
• fluoroquinolone

Question 5

chlamydia pneumo

Answer 5

doxycycline

Question 6

legionella

Answer 6

macrolide or fluoroquinolone

-rifampin for severe disease

Question 7

histo

Answer 7

• itraconazole

- amphotericin for severe disease

Question 8

blasto

Answer 8

• itraconazole

- amphotericin for severe disease

Question 9

coccidioides

Answer 9

• itraconazole
• fluconazole if meningitis
• amphotericin for severe disease

Question 10

paracoccidioides

Answer 10

• itraconazole (several months)

- amphotericin for severe disease

Question 11

aspergillus

Answer 11

• itraconazole (or voriconazole)

- amphotericin for severe disease

Question 12

mucormycosis

Answer 12

• posaconazole

- amphotericin for severe disease

Question 13

pneumocystis

Answer 13

1. trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

2. clindamycin

Question 14

cryptococcus

Answer 14

1. fluconazole

2. amphotericin or flucytosine for severe

Question 15

bordetella pertussis

Answer 15

azithromycin

Question 16

diphtheria

Answer 16

• penicillin or erythromycin

- antitoxin

Question 17

acute otitis media

Answer 17

1. amoxicillin

2. augmentin = amoxicillin + clavulanic acid

Question 18

acute sinusitis

Answer 18

augmentin = amoxicillin + clavulanic acid

Question 19

secondary TB

Answer 19

RIPE

• stop EMB once susceptibilities proven
• end PZA after 2 months
• continue INH/RIF for 4-7 months

Question 20

miliary TB

Answer 20

RIPE for 9-12 months

Question 21

LTBI

Answer 21

• INH for 9 months

- or INH/RIF for 3 months

Question 22

influenza A

Answer 22

oseltamivir/zanamivir

amantadine/rimantidine

Question 23

influenza B

Answer 23

oseltamivir/zanamivir

Question 24

RSV

Answer 24

ribavirin

Question 25

adenovirus

Answer 25

cidofovir

Question 26

human metapneumovirus

Answer 26

ribavirin

Question 27

hantavirus

Answer 27

may use ribavirin

Question 28

varicella-zoster virus

Answer 28

acyclovir/valacyclovir

Question 29

lung abscess

Answer 29

1. clindamycin

2. metronidazole+ceftriaxone

Question 30

bronchitis

Answer 30

1. amoxicillin/clavulanic acid
2. azithro/clarithromycin
3. doxycycline

Question 31

CAP in outpatient

Answer 31

macrolide or doxycycline

Question 32

CAP in outpatient with COPD

Answer 32

2nd gen macrolide or doxycycline

Question 33

CAP in nursing home patient

Answer 33

-fluoroquinolone
-augmentin
-2nd gen macrolide
+/-cephalosporin

Question 34

CAP in hospitalized patient

Answer 34

-fluoroquinolone
-augmentin
-2nd/3rd gen macrolide
+/-cephalosporin

Question 35

CAP in ICU patient

Answer 35

3rd gen cephalosporin +/-

• macrolide
• fluoroquinolone
• piperacillin/tazobactam

Question 36

HAP

Answer 36

1. carbapenems
2. aztreonam or piperacillin/tazobactam
3. 3rd/4th gen cephalosporin
4. vancomycin for MRSA

Question 37

aspiration pneumonia

Answer 37

1. clindamycin

2. ampicillin/sulbactam

Question 38

bacillus anthracis

Answer 38

ciprofloxacin (for 60 days)

Question 39

brucella

Answer 39

tetracycline/doxycycline and rifampin

Question 40

burkholderia

Answer 40

ceftazidime

Question 41

coxiella burnetii

Answer 41

doxycycline

Question 42

francisella tularensis

Answer 42

streptmomycin

Question 43

yersinia pestis

Answer 43

streptomycin

Question 44

nocardia

Answer 44

bactrim: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole