exotic/biohazard pneumonias Flashcards
bacillus anthracis:
gram stain and shape
capsule characteristic
gram positive box-car rod
d-glutamate
anthrax virulence factors
lethal toxin
edematous factor
protective antigen
what is the characteristic manifestation of anthrax and another common manifestation
widened mediastinum
pleural effusions
what 2 ways does anthrax cause death
septic shock
pulmonary edema caused by obstruction of lymph
how is anthrax treated
60 days of ciprofloxacin
what is the other name for brucellosis
Malta fever
brucella:
gram stain and shape
virulence factor
gram negative rod
endotoxin
what two organisms are spread via dairy? how else are they spread?
brucella
coxiella burnetii/Q fever (animal viscera, ticks)
what are common pathological features of brucellosis?
spleen, liver and lymph node enlargement
how is brucella treated?
doxycycline/tetracycline and rifampin
what is another name for burkholderia pseudomallei disease?
whitmore disease
burkholderia:
gram stain
endemic region
reservoir
gram negative
SE asia
soil
what are two pathogenic features of bulkholderia?
- cell lysis
- uses actin network to propel itself into neighboring cells
how does burkholderia appear pathologically?
like TB:
- granulomas
- cavitation
- upper lobes
how is burkholderia treated?
ceftazidime
what is another name for disease with coxiella burnetii?
Q fever
coxiella:
gram stain and shape
transmission
treatment
gram negative rod
dairy, animal viscera, ticks
doxycycline
francisella tularensis: gram stain and shape endemic regions virulence factor transmission
gram negative rod
Arkansas/Missouri and Massachusetts
LPS unrecognizable by TLR-4
ticks/insects or animal/rabbit viscera
what are three pathologic features of tularemia?
- pronounced lymphadenopathy
- conjuncitivitis
- ulcerated lesions
how is francisella treated?
streptomycin
what is the genomic structure of hantavirus?
segmented -ssRNA
what virus causes hantavirus pulmonary syndrome?
Sin Nombre Virus
what characteristic of the pathogenesis of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome?
14-17 day incubation
what can hantavirus cause in infected individuals beside PNA?
pleural effusions
HTN
what is the treatment for hantavirus?
ribavirin
yersinia pestis:
gram stain and shape
appearance under microscope (what stains)
virulence factors
gram negative rod safety pin (Giemsa or Wayson) endotoxin, VandW antigens, YOP
how is yersinia pestis treated?
streptomycin
-can add tetracycline
