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pulm > exotic/biohazard pneumonias > Flashcards

exotic/biohazard pneumonias Flashcards

1
Q

bacillus anthracis:
gram stain and shape
capsule characteristic

A

gram positive box-car rod

d-glutamate

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2
Q

anthrax virulence factors

A

lethal toxin
edematous factor
protective antigen

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3
Q

what is the characteristic manifestation of anthrax and another common manifestation

A

widened mediastinum

pleural effusions

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4
Q

what 2 ways does anthrax cause death

A

septic shock

pulmonary edema caused by obstruction of lymph

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5
Q

how is anthrax treated

A

60 days of ciprofloxacin

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6
Q

what is the other name for brucellosis

A

Malta fever

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7
Q

brucella:
gram stain and shape
virulence factor

A

gram negative rod

endotoxin

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8
Q

what two organisms are spread via dairy? how else are they spread?

A

brucella

coxiella burnetii/Q fever (animal viscera, ticks)

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9
Q

what are common pathological features of brucellosis?

A

spleen, liver and lymph node enlargement

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10
Q

how is brucella treated?

A

doxycycline/tetracycline and rifampin

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11
Q

what is another name for burkholderia pseudomallei disease?

A

whitmore disease

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12
Q

burkholderia:
gram stain
endemic region
reservoir

A

gram negative
SE asia
soil

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13
Q

what are two pathogenic features of bulkholderia?

A
  • cell lysis

- uses actin network to propel itself into neighboring cells

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14
Q

how does burkholderia appear pathologically?

A

like TB:

  • granulomas
  • cavitation
  • upper lobes
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15
Q

how is burkholderia treated?

A

ceftazidime

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16
Q

what is another name for disease with coxiella burnetii?

A

Q fever

17
Q

coxiella:
gram stain and shape
transmission
treatment

A

gram negative rod
dairy, animal viscera, ticks
doxycycline

18
Q 
francisella tularensis:
gram stain and shape
endemic regions
virulence factor
transmission
A

gram negative rod
Arkansas/Missouri and Massachusetts
LPS unrecognizable by TLR-4
ticks/insects or animal/rabbit viscera

19
Q

what are three pathologic features of tularemia?

A
  • pronounced lymphadenopathy
  • conjuncitivitis
  • ulcerated lesions
20
Q

how is francisella treated?

A

streptomycin

21
Q

what is the genomic structure of hantavirus?

A

segmented -ssRNA

22
Q

what virus causes hantavirus pulmonary syndrome?

A

Sin Nombre Virus

23
Q

what characteristic of the pathogenesis of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome?

A

14-17 day incubation

24
Q

what can hantavirus cause in infected individuals beside PNA?

A

pleural effusions

HTN

25
Q

what is the treatment for hantavirus?

A

ribavirin

26
Q

yersinia pestis:
gram stain and shape
appearance under microscope (what stains)
virulence factors

A 
gram negative rod
safety pin (Giemsa or Wayson)
endotoxin, VandW antigens, YOP
27
Q

how is yersinia pestis treated?

A

streptomycin

-can add tetracycline

pulm (7 decks)

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