treatment of cancer

Question 1

treatment of Hodgkins lymphomaphoma

Answer 1

The name ABVD is an abbreviation for the four types of drugs used in this treatment:
A: doxorubicin hydrochloride (Adriamycin)
B: bleomycin sulfate.
V: vinblastine sulfate. - nephrotoxicity
D: dacarbazine.

Question 2

X-linkers

Answer 2

Cross link DNA preventing replication
Alkylating agents – cyclophosphamide
Platinum compounds – cisplatin and carboplatin
Non cell cycle specific

Question 3

antimetabolites

Answer 3

a substance that interferes with the normal metabolic processes within cells, typically by combining with enzymes.
S phase specific
Antimetabolites block production or incorportaiton ofncuelic acids into DNA and RNA eg 5FU ( fluorouracil)
methotrexate

Question 4

Topoisomerase inhibits

Answer 4

These block enzyme that unwinds DNA druing synthesis
Exmaples are etoposide and teniposide
DNA interclators – doxorubicin and eprirubicin – cnat stick
topoI inihibors – topotecan

Question 5

tubule toxins

Answer 5

tubule toxins disrptu the function of microtubule sin mitosis
vinca-alkaloids – vincrisitine
taxanes – paclitaxel

Question 6

Immunotherapy – blocking CTLA-4 and PD1 ( ipilimumab and nivolumab respectively) one is interaction between dendritic and t cells and switches of the immune system) whereas PD-1 is interaction between T cells and tumour cell in the tumour microenvironment

reasons to give chemo

Answer 6

curative intent
adjuvant
palliative