Treatment for injuries

Question 1

What is treatment for inversion and eversion sprain

Answer 1

• Crutches, brace, ice
• ROM exercises, alphabet, towel or band stretching
• Strengthening exercises, resistance bands to work on inversion, eversion
• Proprioception, single leg stands
• Running progression, walking, jogging, running, sprinting

Question 2

Treatment for plantar fasciitis

Answer 2

• Avoid activities that worsen pain
• Correct biomechanics, change in footwear, orthotics
  Calf stretches on the wall, towel scrunches
  -Low Dye tape job

Question 3

Treatment for fat pad syndrome

Answer 3

• Rest
• Heel cup, shock absorbing insoles
• Fat pad tape job

Question 4

Treatment for achilles tendon rupture

Answer 4

• Immediate referral to hospital
• POLICE, use boot or cast in plantar flexed position to protect, once pain and inflammation subsides introduce isometric single raise calf raises, ice and compression to reduce swelling

Question 5

Treatment for achilles tendinopathy

Answer 5

• Biomechanical correction of feet
• Eccentric loading –> stand on platform with heels hanging off edge, perform calf raises with both legs, slowly lower the injured leg
• Achilles tape job

Question 6

Treatment for calf strain

Answer 6

• POLICE
• No stretching for first 1-2 weeks depending on severity
  Isometric exercises –> seated calf raises, progress to standing calf raises
• Concentric exercises –> calf raises on an elevated step or block, do both legs and then progress to injured leg
• Eccentric exercise –> calf raises on an elevated step or block with emphasis on a slow eccentric, do both legs and then progress to injured leg
• Taping, KT tape

Question 7

Treatment for acute anterior compartment syndrome

Answer 7

• Medical emergency, send to ER

Question 8

Treatment for chronic anterior compartment syndrome

Answer 8

• POLIE
• Biomechanical corrections
• Compartmental pressure testing requested by do
• Stretch tight muscles
• Pull your toes toward your shin to stretch tibialis anterior
• Knee towards the wall to stretch gastroc

Question 9

Treatment for medial tibial stress syndrome

Answer 9

• Correct biomechanics
• Alternative workouts –> running/jogging on softer surfaces
• Strengthening exercises –> leg on floor, lift toes while keeping heels on the ground, can add a kettlebell to increase strength
• Towel scrunches
• Balance exercises –> single-leg stand, as progress do it with eyes closed
• Low dye tape job

Question 10

Treatment for ACL sprain

Answer 10

• POLICE
• Strengthening specific to hamstring –> hamstring curl bodyweight then machine
• Bracing
• Possible surgery if ACL ruptured

Question 11

Treatment for PCL sprain

Answer 11

• POLICE
• Strengthening specific to quad –> step ups on an elevated platform, body weight then can carry weighted items
• Bracing
• No surgery

Question 12

Treatment for MCL sprain

Answer 12

• Avoid valgus forces during daily activities
• ROM exercises –> heel slides
• Deep transverse friction massage
• Brace
• Surgery very rare

Question 13

Treatment for LCL sprain

Answer 13

• Avoid varus forces during daily activities
• ROM exercises –> heel slides
• Deep transverse friction massage
• Brace
• Surgery very rare

Question 14

Treatment for meniscus tears

Answer 14

• POLICE
• AROM –> heel slide
• Strengthening exercises –> step ups on an elevated platform, body weight then can carry, hamstring curl bodyweight then machine
• Possible surgery

Question 15

Treatment for patellar dislocation/subluxation

Answer 15

• If dislocated immobilize, don’t move athlete call 911
• Strengthen quads –> Lie on back and extend knee and raise affected leg while keeping leg straight
• Use a brace
• Restore squat pattern

Question 16

Treatment for Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Answer 16

• Rest, ice
• Biomechanical correction
• Squat pattern education
• Patellar taping or strap
• Stretch and strengthen quads –> straight leg raises, hip flexors –> high kicks , hip abductors –> open the gate

Question 17

Treatment for iliotibial band friction syndrome

Answer 17

• POLIE
• Correct biomechanics
• Hip strengthening –> glute brides, side-lying leg raises, open and close the gate
• Provide stretches for tight structures
• Rolling on ITB

Question 18

Treatment for hamstring sprain

Answer 18

• POLICE, stretch after 2 weeks
• Strengthening –> standing bodyweight hamstring curls, high kicks aiming to keep leg straight and touch opposite hand, machine or resistance band hamstring curl

Question 19

Treatment for quad strain

Answer 19

• POLICE, stretching after 2 weeks
• Quad strengthening –> wall sits, walking lunges, slow descent squats

Question 20

Treatment for quad contusion

Answer 20

• Remove from activity
  Immediately ice while quad stretched to comfort
• Apply gently compression
• No heat, no deep tissue massage

Question 21

Treatment for shoulder impingement syndrome

Answer 21

• Correct biomechanics for shoulder
• Improve scapulohumeral rhythm –> shoulder blade squeezes
• Avoid overhead activities
• Rotator cuff strengthening –> - External and internal rotation with resistance band

Question 22

Treatment for bicipital tendinopathy

Answer 22

• Treat biomechanics
• Modify aggravating activities –> avoid prolonged heavy gripping, lower intensity

Question 23

Treatment for shoulder sprain/separation

Answer 23

• Ice, sling
• Restore ROM –> pendulum swings, front/back raises, internal external rotation
• Pad around ACJ for return to sport
• ACJ tape job
• Refer to DR for x-ray if suspect clavicular fracture

Question 24

Treatment for shoulder subluxation/dislocation

Answer 24

• Subluxation –> POLICE, strengthening program for rotator cuff, scapular stabilization
• Dislocation –> treat as a fracture, immobilize, seek immediate medical attention, can start with pendulum exercises once out of sling

Question 25

Treatment for olecranon bursitis

Answer 25

• POLIE
• Protective padding for sport
• Alleviate aggravating factors –> reduce any leaning on elbow, rest from aggravating activities, use sling or brace, elevate the elbow

Question 26

Treatment for lateral epicondylalgia (tennis elbow)

Answer 26

• Correct shoulder biomechanics
• Stretch wrist extensors
  Isometric –> hand under table working on extension
• Concentric –> dumbbell wrist extension
• Eccentric –> assist lifting with non-affected hand then slowly lower dumbbell
• Supination strength –> dumbbell

Question 27

Treatment for medial epicondylalgia (golfer’s elbow)

Answer 27

• Correct shoulder biomechanics
• Stretch wrist flexors
• Isometric –> hand pushing down on injured hand
• Concentric –> dumbbell wrist flexion
• Eccentric –> assist lifting with non-affected hand then slowly lower dumbbell

Question 28

Treatment for collateral ligament sprain

Answer 28

• POLICE
• Support elbow with sling
• Restore ROM –> gentle bend and straighten elbow using opposite hand for flex/ext, rotate forearm for sup/pro
• Stregthening –> tricep dip for elbow extension, resisted band on forearm for flexion, dumbbell pro/sup

Question 29

Treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 29

• Rest, ice, brace
• No compression
• ROM exercises –> palm side bring fingers into ext to stretch flex muscles, dorsal side bring fingers into flex to stretch ext muscles, prayer stretch slowly lower hands
• Strengthening exercises –> wrist flex and ext with dumbbell, grip strengthening with stress ball
• Correct any loading issues

Question 30

Treatment for scaphoid fractures

Answer 30

• Send for medical attention with doctor and xray
• Immobilize, ice, cast
• Restore ROM –> wrist flex/ext, radial, ulnar, finger flex/ext

Question 31

Treatment for thumb hyperextension

Answer 31

• POLICE
• ROM and strengthening –> thumb extension, abduction with and without resistance
• Tape job
• Splint at night

Question 32

Treatment collateral ligament sprain of the fingers

Answer 32

• Ice bucket
• Splint finger
• Self massage
• Gentle ROM and strengthening –> extension and abd of finger with and without resistance
• Deep transverse friction massage
• Buddy tape for return to sport