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clinical > Treatment for Gingival and Periodontal Disease > Flashcards

Treatment for Gingival and Periodontal Disease Flashcards

1
Q

what are the characteristics of a healthy gingiva

A
  • knife edge, scalloped gingival margin
  • stippling
  • pink
  • absence of bleeding on probing
  • no erythema or oedema
  • no attachment or bone loss
  • no patient symptoms
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2
Q

how often does healthy gingiva have stippling

A

30%

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3
Q

how do physiological bone levels range from the apex to the cemento enamel junction in a healthy individual

A

1-3mm

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4
Q

what is gingival health defined as

A

less than 10% bleeding sites with probing depths less than or equal to 3mm, with no loss of attachment, no bone loss and no interdental recession

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5
Q

describe the characteristics of plaque induced gingivitis

A
  • no radiological bone loss
  • no interdental recession
  • bleeding on probing in more han 10% of cases
  • inflamed gums
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6
Q

how can puberty modify plaque induced gingivitis

A

gums are red

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7
Q

is there probing attachment loss in healthy gingiva

A

no

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8
Q

is there probing attachment loss in gingivitis

A

no

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9
Q

what is the probing pocket depth for healthy gingiva

A

less than or equal to 3mm

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10
Q

what is the probing pocket death for gingivitis

A

less than or equal to 3mm

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11
Q

how much bleeding on probing is there in healthy gingiva

A

less than 10%

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12
Q

how much bleeding on probing is there in gingivitis

A

more than 10%

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13
Q

is there radiological bone loss in healthy gingiva

A

no

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14
Q

is there radiological bone loss in gingivitis

A

no

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15
Q

what are teeth with gingivitis more likely to do

A
  • show loss of attachment
  • be lost
  • progress to periodontitis
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16
Q

what are the characteristics of periodontitis

A

inflammation and loss of periodontal attachment
- spacing between teeth and loss of interproximal gingival attachment

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17
Q

what is the clinical difference between health and periodontitis

A
  • subgingival plaque biofilm
  • attachment loss
  • deep pockets
  • bone loss
  • gingival inflammation
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18
Q

is loss of attachment reversible

A

no

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19
Q

alongside loss of attachment, what else may periodontitis patients have

A
  • increased probing depth pockets of greater than 3mm
  • increased bleeding on probing
  • gingival recession
  • tooth mobility
  • halitosis
  • bad taste
  • tooth sensitivity to hot or cold
  • abscesses
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20
Q

describe the characteristics of a site with unstable periodontitis

A
  • probing pocket depth of greater than 4mm, with or without bleeding
  • loss of attachment
  • suppuration on probing
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21
Q

what is the difference between true and false pockets

A

in false pockets there is gingival swelling that increases the pocket depth without actually losing attachment
in true pockets there is genuine loss of attachment

22
Q

what is the sequence of the periodontitis treatment plan

A
  • immediate/emergency care
  • initial disease control
  • reevaluation
  • reconstructive
  • maintenance/supportive care
23
Q

what is involved in the steps for periodontal treatment

A
  • basis of therapy, and then four steps
24
Q

what is the basis of therapy for periodontal treatment

A
  • examination
  • assessment of risk factors
  • diagnosis
25
Q

what is step one of periodontal treatment

A

this is control of local and systemic factors
professional mechanical plaque removal

26
Q

what is step two of periodontal tretment

A

subgingival instrumentation with adjunctive measures

27
Q

what is step three of periodontal treatment

A

repeated subgingival instrumentation
periodontal surgery
access flap

28
Q

what is step four of periodontal treatment

A

supportive periodontal therapy with risk adaptive intervals
continuous monitoring of local and systemic factors

29
Q

which step of periodontal treatment is reconstructive

A

step three

30
Q

which step of periodontal treatment involves reevaluation

A

step one and step two

31
Q

which steps of periodontal treatment are in the intial disease control phase

A

basis of therapy, 1 and 2

32
Q

which step of periodontal treatment is maintenance and supportive care

A

step four

33
Q

which step of periodontal treatment is the immediate emergency care

A

the basis of therapy

34
Q

what can affect treatment outcomes

A
  • early diagnosis, prevention and prompt intervention
  • screening using BPE
35
Q

what is BPE

A

basic periodontal examination

36
Q

what is BPE

A

this is a screening tool that performs by walking the probe around each tooth and recording only the worst score

37
Q

how is dentition divided for periodontal screening

A

six sextants

38
Q

are all teeth in the sextants examined

A

yes, with the exception of third molars unless the first and second molars are missing

39
Q

how many teeth should be in each sextant to qualify for recording

A

two

40
Q

describe the BPE probe

A
  • 15mm long
  • markings at each mm with colour coding at 5, 10 and 15mm
41
Q

describe BPE score 0

A

no need for periodontal treatment

42
Q

describe BPE score 1

A

oral hygience instruction

43
Q

describe BPE score 2

A

oral hygiene instruction
removal of plaque retentive factors including all calculus

44
Q

describe BPE score 3

A

root surface debridement

45
Q

describe BPE score four

A

assess the need for more complex treatment

46
Q

why is the use of BPE screening good

A
  • it assists in reaching a diagnosis of gingivitis or periodontitis for the patient
  • formulation of a treatment plan or decision to refer to a specialist
  • determine whether detailed charting is indicated or if special tests like radiographs are required
47
Q

if you are good at treating periodontitis, two thirds of sites with what characteristics can be treated

A

those with increased pocket depths of more than 4mm can be treated to make the pocket 4 or less and does not bleed on probing

48
Q

how many grams of force on the BPE should be applied

A

25g

49
Q

what is the probing pocket depth of active periodontitis

A

greater than 4mm

50
Q

what is CAL

A

clinical attachment level

51
Q

what are some plaque retention factors

A

restorations
calculus
retainer

clinical (17 decks)

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