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Clinical > Infection Hazards in Dentistry > Flashcards

Infection Hazards in Dentistry Flashcards

1
Q

what is SIPCEP

A

the scottish infection prevention and control education pathway

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2
Q

how many microorganisms per millilitre of saliva are there

A

100 million

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3
Q

how many cultivable bacterial species can be found within the oral cavity

A

350

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4
Q

what disease do prions cause

A

variant creutzfeldt Jakob

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5
Q

what is the clinical relevance of prions

A

highlights the importance of clean and sterile instruments

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6
Q

what disease do viruses cause

A

respiratory infections and blood borne infections

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7
Q

what is the clinical relevance of viruses

A

occupational health and infection prevention

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8
Q

what disease do bacteria cause

A

dental infections

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9
Q

what is antimicrobial stewardship

A

being judiscious about prescribing anti biotics to lengthen the amount of time antibiotics will be effective for

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10
Q

what disease does fungi cause

A

oral candidosis

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11
Q

what is oral candidosis

A

oral thrush

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12
Q

what is the chain of infection model

A
  • infectious agent
  • reservoir
  • portal of exit
  • mode of transmission
  • portal of entry
  • susceptible host
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13
Q

do prions have DNA or RNA

A

no

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14
Q

are prions eliminated by steam sterilisation alone

A

no

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15
Q

how much ventilation should there be within dental practices

A

enough to have 10 complete air changes per hour

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16
Q

why is it important to ventilate a dental practice

A

bacterial endotoxins are found in the dental unit waterline aerosols which end up in the air, so if there is not ventilation all the time then people will be much more likely to become infected with these bacteria

17
Q

what do studies suggest is associated with temporal onset of asthma

A

occupational exposure to contaminated DUWL

18
Q

what is DUWL

A

dental unit water lines

19
Q

what are the 3 Cs that increase the chances of transmission of respiratory viruses

A
  • closed settings with poor ventilation
  • close contact
  • crowding
20
Q

what have studies shown good ventilation is associated with

A

improved health
better concentration
environmental satisfaction
less work absence
sleep quality
reduced air pollutants

21
Q

what does regulation 6 of the workplace health, safety and welfare regulations state that employers must do

A

ensure that every enclosed workspace is ventilated by a sufficient quantity of fresh or purified air

22
Q

what should carbon dioxide concentrations be kept below in spaces with enhanced aerosol generation rates

A

800 ppm

23
Q

what sort of activities can lead to enhanced aerosol generation

A

singing, loud speech and aerobic activities

24
Q

what is the most common yeast causing infection in the oral cavity

A

candida albicans

25
Q

what causes false membrane candidosis

A

pseudomembranous

26
Q

what causes red candidosis

A

erythematous

27
Q

is candida auris difficult to identify

A

yes

28
Q

is candida auris resistant to many drugs

A

yes

29
Q

what is the hierarchy of controls for controlling a hazardous environment

A

elimination
substitution
engineering controls
administrative controls
PPE

30
Q

which elements of the hierarchy of controls should be used first due to their effectiveness

A

elemination, substitution and engineering controls

31
Q

what is the goal of the hierarchy of hazard control

A

reduce the risk that human error can cause an incident

32
Q

what does elimination do

A

physically remove the hazard

33
Q

what does substitution do

A

replace the hazard

34
Q

what do engineering controls do

A

isolate people from the hazard

35
Q

what are examples of engineering controls

A

rubber dams, high volume aspiration, effective surgery ventilation

36
Q

what are administrative controls

A

changing the way people work

37
Q

what is ppe

A

personal protective equipment

38
Q

what is the last line of defence on the hierarchy of controls

A

vaccinations

Clinical (27 decks)

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