Treating phobias (the behavioural approach)

Question 1

Burger for systematic de sensitisation (Treating phobias (the behavioural approach)

Answer 1

B: Phobic stimulus is counterconditioned with a relaxation response to reduce anxiety.
U: Uses reciprocal inhibition; relaxation inhibits anxiety response (Wolpe).
R: Techniques include deep breathing, focusing on peaceful scenes, and progressive muscle relaxation.
G: Evidence of success (McGrath et al.); techniques may work better in combination with other therapies (Cohen).
E: Effective for many phobias but less so for “ancient fears” (Choy et al.).
R: Strengths include fast results and less effort required compared to CBT; can be self-administered.

Question 2

Burger for flooding (Treating phobias (the behavioural approach)

Answer 2

B: Involves a single long session with the most feared stimulus until anxiety subsides.
U: New stimulus-response link is learned; can be conducted in vivo or using virtual reality.
R: Continues exposure until the fear response is extinguished; effective for quick treatment.
G: Individual differences matter; can be traumatic, and if patients quit, the treatment fails.
E: Research suggests flooding may be more effective and quicker than SD (Choy et al.).
R: Relaxation may not be necessary; creating a new experience of coping may be more important (Klein et al.).