Explaining OCD (biological approach)

Question 1

Burger for COMPT gene (Genetic Explanations of OCD)

Answer 1

B: COMT gene - one allele more common in individuals with OCD creates high levels of dopamine.
U: This gene’s variant affects dopamine regulation, which may contribute to OCD symptoms.
R: Study by Toke’ et al. found a significant association between this allele and OCD prevalence.
G: Genetic predisposition - suggests biological underpinnings in OCD development.
E: Supports the idea that genetic factors may interact with environmental stressors in developing OCD.
R: Findings align with the diathesis-stress model, indicating vulnerability rather than a definitive cause.

Question 2

Burger for SERT gene (Genetic Explanations of OCD)

Answer 2

B: SERT gene - one allele more prevalent in families with OCD, impacting serotonin levels.
U: This gene influences serotonin transport, which is critical in regulating mood and anxiety.
R: Research by Ozaki et al. highlights the link between SERT gene variations and OCD symptoms.
G: Provides evidence of a hereditary component in the risk of developing OCD.
E: Suggests that interventions targeting serotonin could be effective in managing OCD.
R: Like the COMT gene, it emphasizes the importance of genetic factors while acknowledging the role of the environment.

Question 3

Burger for high dopamine levels OCD (Neural explanation of OCD)

Answer 3

B: Dopamine levels - research indicates that high dopamine levels are linked to compulsive behaviors in OCD.
U: Elevated dopamine activity may drive the compulsive and repetitive behaviors characteristic of OCD.
R: Findings from animal studies (e.g., Qechtman et al.) demonstrate the correlation between dopamine and compulsive actions.
G: Highlights the neurobiological basis for OCD symptoms, supporting a neural explanation.
E: Treatment strategies that focus on dopamine regulation could be beneficial for managing OCD.
R: Suggests that neurotransmitter imbalance is a key factor in OCD but may not encompass the full complexity of the disorder.

Question 4

Burger for low serotonin in OCD (Neural explanation of OCD)

Answer 4

B: Low serotonin levels - implicated in OCD, as evidenced by the effectiveness of SSRIs in treatment.
U: Low serotonin is associated with heightened anxiety and obsessive thoughts.
R: Research (Jenicke) indicates that increasing serotonin levels through medication alleviates OCD symptoms.
G: Supports the neural explanation for OCD, linking neurotransmitter dysfunction to disorder symptoms.
E: Suggests potential therapeutic avenues through pharmacological intervention targeting serotonin.
R: However, it raises questions about the multifactorial nature of OCD, indicating that other biological and psychological factors also contribute.