The cognitive approach to treating depression

Question 1

burger for Ellis abcdef model (CBT, TREATING DEPRESSION)

Answer 1

B: Disputing irrational beliefs (D), using logical, empirical, and pragmatic approaches.
U: Effects of disputing (E) lead to healthier beliefs and Feelings (F) that produce more positive emotions.
R: Example: Challenging the belief “I must be liked by everyone” leads to acceptance of oneself and reduces anxiety.
G: Research supports CBT’s effectiveness; Ellis estimated a 90% success rate over 27 sessions.
E: Effectiveness may depend on the therapist’s competence (Kuyken and Tsivrikos).
R: Not suitable for individuals with rigid irrational beliefs or those resistant to change.

Question 2

burger for Homework (CBT, TREATING DEPRESSION)

Answer 2

B: Involves trying out new behaviors to test and challenge irrational beliefs.
U: Encourages active participation in therapy and reinforces learning.
R: Example: A client might practice social interactions to challenge the belief that “I will embarrass myself.”
G: Promotes a sense of achievement and confidence in managing behaviors and thoughts.
E: Can be tailored to individual needs, enhancing the effectiveness of therapy.
R: Clients often report feeling more empowered and capable after completing homework tasks.

Question 3

burger for Ellis behavioural activation (CBT, TREATING DEPRESSION)

Answer 3

B: Focuses on encouraging re-engagement with pleasurable activities to counteract depression.
U: Aims to improve mood and disrupt negative cycles by increasing positive experiences.
R: Example: Scheduling enjoyable activities such as hobbies or social events to break the cycle of avoidance.
G: Research shows that clients in exercise groups experience lower relapse rates after six months (Bahyak et al.).
E: Provides a practical way for clients to combat feelings of worthlessness and helplessness.
R: Integrates well with other CBT strategies, enhancing overall treatment effectiveness.