Travel infections Flashcards
What four questions do you need to consider when diagnosing a travel infection?
Where have they been
When did the symptoms begin
what are the symptoms
how did they acquire it
Typical presentation of malaria?
fever
headache
sweats chills
vomiting
3 mains types of malaria?
Falciparum
Vivax
Ovale
vector for malaria?
female mosquito
Incubation periods of falciparum, vivax and ovale?
falciparum- 6 to 12 days
Vivax and ovale- up to 1 yr
What complications can arise with severe falciparum malaria
CVS- Hyptoension, tachycardia, arrythmias
Resp- Acute resp distress syndrome
GIT- Diarrhoea
Renal- Acute kidney injury
CNS- Confusion, fits
Blood- Low/normal WCC, thrombocytopenia, DIC
Metabolic- Hypoglycaemia
How many blood smears should you request?
3
What investiagations should you order?
Blood smears
FBC, Liver function tests, glucose, coag
CT head if Central Nervous System symptoms
Name a treatment for falciparum
Quinine and doxycycline
Three ways (ABC) to prevent malaria
Assess risk, so knowledge of areas
Bite prevention
Chemoprophylaxis (Start before, continue on return)
Mechanism of infection for Typhoid and paratyphoid fever
Faecal-oral
Virulence factors of salmonella?
Gram negative
Invasin- allows intracellular growth
Fimbraie- adheres to epithelium on lymphoid tissue
Symptoms of enteric feveer?
Bacteraemia
Fever, headache, constipation, abdo discomfort dry cough
bradycardia
Incubation period of enteric fever?
7-14 days
Complications of Enteric fever
Intestinal haemorrhage/perforation
