Hepatitis Flashcards
Where do hepatitis viruses replicate?
in hepatocytes
five liver function tests?
Bilirubin Liver transaminases Alkaine phosphatase Albumin Coagulation tests
How is Hep B transmitted?
Vertical
Sexual
IV drug users (Blood)
5 symptoms of Hep B
Jaundice Fatigue Abdo pain Anorexia, nause, vomiting Arthralgia
Incubation period of Hep B?
6wks-6months
Describe the serology of Hep B
Surface antigen first
Then E antigen, and in this stage, highly infectious
The core antibody (IgM
Followed by e antibody (Disappearance of e antigen and infectivity)
Then surface antibody (Last antibody to appear. Indicates clearance of virus and so recovery)
Core antibody (IgG) persists for life
Define chronic Hep B infection
Persistence of Hep B surface antigen after 6 months
Complications of chronic Hep B
cirrhosis
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Describe what serological tests would be positive in the following situations: Acute infection Cleared infection CHronic infection Never infected, but has been vaccinated
Surface antgen, core antibody, surface antibody
Acute infection:Surface antigen, core antibody (IgM), may or may not have surface antibody
Cleared infection: Core antibody (IgG), Surface antibody
Chronic Infection: Surface antigen, Core anntibody (IgG)
Vaccinated: Surface antibody
What antigen is used in vaccination?
Surface antigen
How is Hep C transmitted?
IV drugs
Sexual
Vertical transmission
Approx what percentage become chronically infected with Hep C
80%
Complications of chronic Hep C infections?
Cirrhosis
Decompensated liver disease
hepatocellular carcinoma
Symptoms of Hep C?
80% have no symptoms
20%, symptoms are vague
Serology of Hep C?
anti-Hep C antibody only
If positive, could have had in the past
Med student gets needle stick injury from some who is known to be HIV positive. What should happen?
basic first aid, bleed and wash out
blood test from patient and student
post exposure prophylaxis
