traumatic brain injury in crime REVISE

Question 1

prime age for committing crime?

Answer 1

15-22

Question 2

stats of young people in prisons in UK?

Answer 2

out of 84 000 in UK around 20 000 young

Question 3

what is the legal age of criminal responsibility in the UK?

Answer 3

10

Question 4

what percent of people in criminal justice system are male?

Answer 4

95%

Question 5

what percentage of young offenders reoffend within 1 year? 2 years?

Answer 5

1 year - nearly half reconvicted

2 years - 80%

Question 6

how much does it cost to spend one night in a young offender unit?

Answer 6

£642

Question 7

what are some of the costs of crime?

Answer 7

food
that individual not contributing to the economy
care for the victim
damage replacement

Question 8

what are some ‘thinking’ problems of offenders?

Answer 8

poor problem solving
poor impulse control
recognising consequences of behaviour
lack empathy

Question 9

what is the front part of the brain used for?

Answer 9

impulse control

planning ahead

Question 10

left and right temporal lobe function?

Answer 10

memory

left - what you heard
right - what you see

Question 11

teenage brain maturation?

Answer 11

dorsolateral prefrontal cortex only matured at 17-19
deals with impulsivity

adult like ability to reason but heightened need for basic reward, risky decision making and poor on considering consequences if behaviour

if grow up in adversity then brain very sensitive to fight or flight and in boys particularly fight

Question 12

prevalence of brain injuries?

Answer 12

biggest cause of death and disability worldwide in children

twice as likely to kill themselves

10-12% of population but 8% mild head injuries and 2% moderate-severe (consequences for lifetime)

particularly prevalent in south africa, china and india

Question 13

brain injury mechanism?

Answer 13

moderate-severe : 30 mins loss of consciousness, insult to the brain from an external mechanical force (mild is the same but different degree)

frontal and temporal most commonly injured

Question 14

prevalence for the most deprived parts of society?

Answer 14

4.7x more likely to have a brain injury

Question 15

connection between anger management and brain injuries?

Answer 15

60% of kids with a brain injury will have anger management issues

Question 16

what did a study find about link between brain injury and crime following 10 000 babies?

Answer 16

10 000 babies into 30s

if had a brain injury, 4x more likely to be a mentally disordered offender

poor control : could be different environments

Question 17

brain injury and crime link?

Answer 17

2-3x more likely to commity crime

Question 18

what is one potential solution in schools to reduce crime rates of children with brain injuries?

Answer 18

instead of exclusion, provide more effective teaching of children with neuro-disabilities

Question 19

stats in germany

Answer 19

20-30% of non violent offenders in germany had a brain injury
40-60% of violent offenders had a brain injury

lessions in brain in frontal areas (planning and impulse control)

Question 20

what is the cost of a head injury if you’re 15?

Answer 20

£90 000

additional £65 000 due to increased risk of crime

Question 21

actions undertaken with young offenders in new zealand?

Answer 21

restorative justice -return to commuity with support

only 30 kids with criminal records

Question 22

what actions are being undertaken in wales and success of it?

Answer 22

clinical psychologists brought in to assess criminal children

30% reduction of kids going into custody
40% reduction in child crime