history REVISE

Question 1

what is animism?

Answer 1

the belief that the natural world consists of demons/spirits

leading to belief that different behaviour was due to being ‘possessed’

prevalent in early period (20 000 BC)

Question 2

how were people seen as different viewed and treated in the early period?

Answer 2

seen : possessed

treated : exorcism
trepining (craniometry - hole punched in skull to release evil spirits)
ostracism

Question 3

how were people seen as different viewed and treated in the Greek period?

Answer 3

seen : 3 categories (mania, melancholia and phrenitis)
somatogenesis and not punishment
imbalance of 4 humours

treated : given period of tranquility and not punished

Question 4

how were people seen as different viewed in the late greek and roman period?

Answer 4

seen : psychogenesis as a cause

Question 5

how were people seen as different viewed and treated in the dark ages and medieval period?

Answer 5

seen : return to thinking of possession

treated : ‘lunacy trials’ to confiscate property and confine
looked after by priests

Question 6

how were people seen as different viewed and treated in the medieval period?

Answer 6

seen : women viewed as witches

treated : burnt or locked away

Question 7

how were people seen as different viewed

in the renaissance and elizabethan period?

Answer 7

seen : psychogenesis and mind playing tricks on itself

Question 8

how were people seen as different viewed and treated in the industrial revolution?

Answer 8

seen : animalism so dehumanised

treated : locked away in asylums
asylums became theatres

Question 9

what is animalism?

Answer 9

de-humanising people that are different

Question 10

how were people seen as different viewed and treated towards enlightenment?

Answer 10

seen : humanised

treated : Quaker retreats and moral treatment

Question 11

how were people seen as different viewed and treated in the victorian era?

Answer 11

seen : eugenics movement

treated : social exclusion

Question 12

19 - 20th century

Answer 12

scientific advances in medicine

BIOLOGICAL
1. attributed mental disorders to bodily malfunctions caused by infections or diseases

PSYCHOLOGICAL
2. attributed mental disorders to psychological malfunctions

SOCIO-BEHAVIOURAL
3. social learning e.g Watson showed how fear can be instilled suggesting can be unconditioned

GENETICS
4. attributing behavioural characteristics to heritability and differentiating between nature and nurture

Question 13

treatment in 19-20th century

Answer 13

new radical interventions instead of just warehousing patients

insulin therapy
ECT
prefrontal lobotomy

Question 14

towards current era

Answer 14

united nations declaration on human rights

still locked up in asylums

Question 15

current era

Answer 15

attention to biological, psychological, socio-economic factors

Question 16

what is demonology?

Answer 16

belief that evil being can live within a person and control their mind and body

Question 17

what does Pinel’s social vulnerability theory entail?

Answer 17

if reasoning had left someone due to social and personal problems
it may be restored through comfort

Question 18

what is moral treatment and where did it come from?

Answer 18

the social vulnerability theory

abnormal people had people read and talk to them and help them engage in activity and encouraged to be independent

Question 19

what was the Eugenic movement?

Answer 19

the use of Darwinian evolutionary theory to bolster racism as viewed as ‘maladaptive’

Question 20

who first differentiated between nature and nurture and when?

Answer 20

Galton

19th century