Trauma Test 1

Question 1

Describe AMPLE

Answer 1

A- Alleriges to drugs, food latex, environment.

M-Medication history

P-Past health history, such as, preexisting medical or psychiatric conditions, previous surgeries, smoking Hx, Drug use, Tetanus, LMP, mental status.

L-Last meal

E- Events or environmental factors leading to the illness.

Question 2

Battle’s Sign?

Answer 2

Brushing behind the ears, may indicate a fracture of the base of the posterior portion of the skull.

Question 3

Raccoon eyes, or periorbital ecchymosis?

Answer 3

Indication of a fracture of the base of the frontal portion of the skull.

Question 4

crepitus?

Answer 4

a grating sound or sensation produced by friction between bone and cartilage or the fractured parts of a bone.

Question 5

Blunt trauma?

Answer 5

refers to physical trauma to a body part, either by impact, injury or physical attack.

Question 6

priapism?

Answer 6

is a medical condition in which the erect penis does not return to its flaccid state, despite the absence of both physical and psychological stimulation, within four hours.

Question 7

Primary signs and symptoms in a patient with a compromised airway?

Answer 7

Dyspnea, inability to speak, agonal (gasping) breaths, foreign body in airway, trauma to the face or neck.

Question 8

When to suspect cervical spine trauma in a patient?

Answer 8

Those with face, head, or neck trauma, or significant chest injuries.

Question 9

The Primary Survey Includes?

Answer 9

A=Airway with Cervical spine stabilization and/or immobilization.
B=Breathing
C=Circulation
D=Disability
E=Exposure and Environment Control

Question 10

The Primary Survey Interventions

Airway with Cervical Spine Stabilization and/or Immobilization?

Answer 10

Open airway Jaw-thrust maneuver
Remove or suction
Insert oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal
Immobilize cervical spine and secure forehead to backboard.

Question 11

The Primary Survey Interventions

Breathing?

Answer 11

Give O2 via the correct delivery system.
Ventilate with bag valve mask with 100%O2
Severe Distress then intubate
Suction
Absent breath sounds= chest tube/needle thoracostomy.

Question 12

The Primary Survey Interventions

Circulation?

Answer 12

CPR is absent pulse
Start to 14-16 G IVs if hypotensive start fluids
Control bleeding
Administer blood products
obtain blood same for type and cross match

Question 13

The Primary Survey Interventions

Disability?

Answer 13

Reassess LOC, mental status, pupil size, reactivity
Immobilize deformities
Reassess pain with pain scale

Question 14

The Primary Survey Interventions

Exposure and Environmental Control?

Answer 14

Remove clothing for examination
Keep patient warm
Maintain privacy

Question 15

The Primary Survey Assessment

Airway with Cervical Spine Stabilization and/or Immobilization?

Answer 15

Assessment of respiratory distress, loose teeth, foreign bodies, bleeding, vomit, edema of airway.

Question 16

The Primary Survey Assessment

Breathing?

Answer 16

Scan chest for breathing
Chest wall movement, not accessory, abdominal muscle use.
Count Respiratory rate
check nail beads, mucous membranes, skin
Lung Sounds, JVD, Trach position.

Question 17

The Primary Survey Assessment

Circulation

Answer 17

Carotid and Femoral pulse
Pulse quality and rate
Skin color, temp, moisture, cap refill
External bleeding
Blood pressure

Question 18

The Primary Survey Assessment

Disability?

Answer 18

1. 
LOC with AVPU
A=alert, V=responsive to VOICE, P=responsive to PAIN, U=unresponsive
Pupil size, shape, reactivity
2.
Deformity inspection
Determine ROM and strength
3.
Pain

Question 19

The Primary Survey Assessment

Exposure and Environment Control

Answer 19

Assess full body for additional or related injuries.

Question 20

Percussion of the abdomen reveals tympany…this may indicate?

Answer 20

Excessive Air

Question 21

Percussion of the abdomen reveals Dullness…this may indicate?

Answer 21

Excessive fluid

Question 22

Heat Cramps? What are they, Treatment?, Teaching?

Answer 22

Severe cramps in large muscles, Seen in athletes with low fluid volume.
Resolve with fluid and rest.
Encourage rest for 12 hours. Drink sport drinks

Question 23

Heat exhaustion? S/S? Interventions?

Answer 23

Fatigue, N/V, thirst, anxiety
Hypotension, tachycardia, increased temp, piloted pupils, confusion, ashen color, sweating.
Place in coolness, Monitor ABG’s, Start oral fluids unless Nausea, Moist sheet
DONE NOT USE SALT TABS
Consider hospital: Older, chronic illness, or NO improvement within 3-4 hours

Question 24

What drug is used to control shivering?

Answer 24

Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)

Question 25

Why is the Kidney at increased risk with a patient experiencing HeatStroke?

Answer 25

Due to the breakdown of skeletal muscle which leads to myoglobinuria from rhabdomyolysis.
Monitor for tea colored urine, amount and pH

Question 26

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Whats the incubation period?
Clinical Symptoms?
Treatment?

Answer 26

2-14days

A pink macular rash appears on the palms, wrist, soles, ankles, feet within 10 days

Antibiotics: doxycycline

Question 27

Mild hypothermia

1. Body temp?
2. S/S?
3. Tx?

Answer 27

1. 93.2-96.8 Degrees
2. Shivering, lethargy, confusion, minor heart changes, Rational/Irrational behavior
3. Move to warm place, remove wet clothes, warm blankets, radiant lights

Question 28

Moderate hypothermia

1. Body temp?
2. S/S?
3. Tx?

Answer 28

1. 86.0-93.2 Degrees
2. Rigidity, bradycardia, decreased respiratory rate, metabolic/respiratory acidosis, hypovolemia.
3. Heated O2 administration, warm fluids, lavage warm fluids, rapid fluid infuser, hemodialysis

Question 29

Sever Hypothermia

1. Body temp?
2. S/S?
3. Tx?

Answer 29

1. At or below 86.0 degrees
2. They appear dead, absent reflexes, pupils dilated and fixed, bradycardia, *Shivering disappears at core temp of 86.0 degrees.
3. Heated O2 administration, warm fluids, lavage warm fluids, rapid fluid infuser, hemodialysis