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Med Surg > Trauma/SCI 7 Q > Flashcards

Trauma/SCI 7 Q Flashcards

1
Q

What order does the primary survey occur in?

A

ABCDE: Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure

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2
Q

Maintain the airway by keeping the head ____ and stabilized

A

midline

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3
Q

What is one way to open the airway?

A

using the jaw-thrust maneuver

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4
Q

Assess the pt’s breathing and administer high-flow O2 via a ________, or an ambu bag for life-threatening conditions.

A

nonrebreather face mask

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5
Q

Circulation is checked via the ______ pulse

A

carotid

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6
Q

Insert two large-bore IVs and provide aggressive fluid resuscitation using ___ or ___

A

LR or NS

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7
Q

When assessing disability, we will measure the patient’s _____ with a brief neuro exam

A

LOC

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8
Q

When inspecting posterior surfaces, we need to ______ the patient while maintaining cervical spine immobilization.

A

logroll

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9
Q

When logrolling, you will need at least __ people to help, with one person responsible for keeping the head midline

A

4

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10
Q

What are the five Hs (and the additional H) of PEA?

A
  1. hypovolemia
  2. hypoxia
  3. hydrogen ion
  4. hyper/hypokalemia
  5. Hypothermia
    extra = hypoglycemia
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11
Q

What are the five Ts of PEA?

A
  1. Toxins
  2. Tamponade
  3. Tension pneumo
  4. Thrombosis
  5. Trauma
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12
Q

Treatment for a pneumothorax includes

A
  • simple = chest tube
  • open = cover wound with occlusive dressing (secured on 3 sides) then chest tube
  • tension = needle decompression then chest tube
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13
Q

What is used to determine the presence of blood in the peritoneal space?

A

Focused abdominal sonography for trauma (FAST)

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14
Q

Deceleration injuries consist of restraint injuries and great vessel disruption, what do you see with these?

A
  • restraint = hands/face/small bowel rupture (seat belt sign)
  • great vessel disruption (aortic tear) = abnormal mediastinum on X-ray
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15
Q

Blood loss for a closed femur fracture is..

A

1000 to 1500 mL

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16
Q

For open and unstable _____ fractures, need to immobilize and control hemorrhage

A

pelvis

17
Q

Amount of blood loss with an unstable pelvic fracture

A

> 15 units of blood

18
Q

Due to the disintegration of muscle that occurs with crush injuries, the patient is at risk of developing ________

A

rhabdomyolysis

19
Q

For ____ _____, many symptoms of TBI overlap symptoms of PTSD

A

military personnel

20
Q

The extent of injury and recovery is determined at least _______ or longer after the initial injury due to edema

A

72 hrs

21
Q

What is given ASAP after the injury to reduce secondary spinal cord injury and has no benefit after 8 hours of injury?

A

Steroids (methylprednisolone / decadron)

22
Q

Spinal Shock lasts days to months and is characterized by…

A
  1. decreased reflexes
  2. loss of sensation
  3. flaccid paralysis below level of injury
23
Q

_____ ____ occurs in spinal cord injuries level T6 or higher, and is characterized by hypotension, bradycardia, poikilothermia, peripheral vasodilation, venous pooling, and decreased cardiac output

A

Neurogenic shock

24
Q

What is the gold standard for SCI diagnostics?

A

CT scan

25
Q

Bradycardia (< 60 bpm) results due to an unopposed vagal response, any increase in vagal stimulation can result in cardiac arrest. So, what can we NOT do?

A

suctioning, turning

26
Q

An injury at or above C3 results in a total loss of respiratory function and requires ______

A

intubation

27
Q

An injury below C3 results in ________ _______, indicating respiratory insufficiency

A

diaphragmatic breathing

28
Q

An emergency that occurs with injuries above T6 after spinal shock subsides is…

A

Autonomic Dysreflexia

29
Q

Most common precipitating factor of autonomic dysreflexia is

A

distended bladder/bowel

30
Q

Management of autonomic dysreflexia includes…

A

position pt upright/HOB at 45+ degrees, assess for trigger and remove cause, notify MD, catheterize/remove fecal impaction using lidocaine jelly, administer vasodilators to decrease BP (Procardia, Apresoline)

Med Surg (19 decks)

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