Oncological Emergency 4 Q Flashcards

1
Q

Which IV solution is more water than electrolytes can causes movement of fluid into cells

A

Hypotonic

0.45% Saline

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2
Q

Which IV solution expands only ECF and does not move into cells

A

Isotonic

0.9% NS, D5W, LR

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3
Q

Which IV solution drains water from cells into the ECF

A

Hypertonic

D10W, 3% saline

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4
Q

nadir is usually around _ to _ days after chemo

A

7-14

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5
Q

1 reason patient has to miss a chemo dose

A

neutropenia

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6
Q

_ will indicate relative risk of infection

A

ANC
1500-1000 low risk
1000-500 moderate risk
500-0 severe risk

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7
Q

May be one of the only signs of infection an immunocompromised patient can exhibit

A

fever (even 99)

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8
Q

Treat any fever as if it is an

A

infection

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9
Q

Platelet transfusion may be done if they fall below

A

20,000

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10
Q

Serious bleeding risk when platelets fall below

A

50,000

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11
Q

Anemia is life threatening if the Hgb is below

A

<6.5

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12
Q

With epoetin watch for

A

hypertension and clots

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13
Q

When do you see symptoms of hypercalemia

A

> 12

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14
Q

Excess calcium acts as a _

A

sedative which explains the symptoms of hypercalcemia

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15
Q

First line treatment of hypercalcemia

A

hydration with saline

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16
Q

Mild or no symptoms of hypercalcemia need _ to _ L of PO fluid

17
Q

Moderate to severe hypercalcemia needs _ to _ L of fluid

18
Q

Increase _ to keep calcium in the bone

19
Q

_ precautions until calcium is below 12

20
Q

Life threatening metabolic disorder caused by death of cancer cells during cancer tx

A

Tumor lysis syndrome

21
Q

First sign of TLS is often

A

hyperkalemia

you will also see hyperuricemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia

22
Q

Excessive secretion of ADH leads to water retention and hyponatremia

23
Q

_ and _ can occur if sodium is <125

A

seizure, coma

24
Q

Treatment for SIADH is correcting

A

sodium and water imbalance

25
Obstruction of the blood flow returning to the heart from head, neck, upper thorax, and upper extremities
SVCS
26
Most common sign of SVCS
shortness of breath
27
For SVCS keep HOB
45-90
28
Pain from spinal cord compression is worse when recumbent, bearing weight, coughing, sneezing and relieved by _
sitting
29
_ is a red flag for spinal cord compression
back pain
30
Management of spinal cord compression includes immediate
corticosteroids to reduce swelling Dexamethasone q6h