Oncological Emergency 4 Q Flashcards
Which IV solution is more water than electrolytes can causes movement of fluid into cells
Hypotonic
0.45% Saline
Which IV solution expands only ECF and does not move into cells
Isotonic
0.9% NS, D5W, LR
Which IV solution drains water from cells into the ECF
Hypertonic
D10W, 3% saline
nadir is usually around _ to _ days after chemo
7-14
1 reason patient has to miss a chemo dose
neutropenia
_ will indicate relative risk of infection
ANC
1500-1000 low risk
1000-500 moderate risk
500-0 severe risk
May be one of the only signs of infection an immunocompromised patient can exhibit
fever (even 99)
Treat any fever as if it is an
infection
Platelet transfusion may be done if they fall below
20,000
Serious bleeding risk when platelets fall below
50,000
Anemia is life threatening if the Hgb is below
<6.5
With epoetin watch for
hypertension and clots
When do you see symptoms of hypercalemia
> 12
Excess calcium acts as a _
sedative which explains the symptoms of hypercalcemia
First line treatment of hypercalcemia
hydration with saline
Mild or no symptoms of hypercalcemia need _ to _ L of PO fluid
3-4
Moderate to severe hypercalcemia needs _ to _ L of fluid
5-8
Increase _ to keep calcium in the bone
mobility
_ precautions until calcium is below 12
seizure
Life threatening metabolic disorder caused by death of cancer cells during cancer tx
Tumor lysis syndrome
First sign of TLS is often
hyperkalemia
you will also see hyperuricemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia
Excessive secretion of ADH leads to water retention and hyponatremia
SIADH
_ and _ can occur if sodium is <125
seizure, coma
Treatment for SIADH is correcting
sodium and water imbalance
Obstruction of the blood flow returning to the heart from head, neck, upper thorax, and upper extremities
SVCS
Most common sign of SVCS
shortness of breath
For SVCS keep HOB
45-90
Pain from spinal cord compression is worse when recumbent, bearing weight, coughing, sneezing and relieved by _
sitting
_ is a red flag for spinal cord compression
back pain
Management of spinal cord compression includes immediate
corticosteroids to reduce swelling
Dexamethasone q6h
