ER 5 Q Flashcards
Heat exhaustion is strongly related to heat index. Relative humidity of _ or more impairs the body’s ability to cool itself
60%
Heat exhaustion results in dehydration and blood accumulates in the skin to attempt to lower body temperature. This
decreases circulation
Temperature range for heat exhaustion
99.6-104
Water loss _ sodium loss
Exceeds
What is the priority for heat exhaustion?
Fluid and electrolyte replacement
Failure of the hypothalamic thermoregulatory processes
Heat stroke
4 complications of heat stroke
Death, cerebral edema, hemorrhage, circulatory collapse
Note: may also see muscle cramps, seizure precautions, delirium, coma
Death in heat stroke is directly related to
Duration of increased temperature
What is the core temperature for heat stroke
> 104
Initially in heat stroke there is increased sweating and vasodilation but compensation fails and _ stop functioning
Sweat glands
2 risk factors for heat stroke
dehydration and high temperatures
Meds to control shivering
chlorpromazine, thorazine, valium IV
Patient with heat stroke has tea colored urine. What is the likely issue?
AKI
With heat stroke, obtain clotting factors to monitor for
DIC
Core temp for hypothermia
<95
Most body heat is lost from
Head, thorax, lungs
Death if temp falls below
78
Shivering disappears at
86
Patient must be warmed to at least _ before being pronounced dead
90
Warm the _ before the extremities to prevent afterdrop
core
Rewarming should be d/c when temp reaches
95
How long to use PEEP or CPAP after submersion injury
48-72h
Which bite is higher infection risk? Dog or cat
Cat
Initial treatment for bites includes
irrigation, debridement, tetanus, analgesics
Prophylactic antibiotics if the wounds are
over joints, less than 6-12h old, puncture, or on the hands or feet
Patients who ingest caustic agents, sharp objects, or ingest nontoxic substances should not receive
lavage
Intubate before lavage if there is
Decreased LOC, diminished gag
WE GOT THIS
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Contraindications of activated charcoal
diminished bowel sounds, paralytic ileus, ingestion of a substance poorly absorbed by charcoal
_ takes priority over everything except BLS
Decontamination
Do not use water if mustard gas is present because it creates
Chlorine gas
antidote for acetaminophin
acytlcysteine|Mucomist
helps with salicylate or phenobarbital toxicity
Sodium bicarb
Added to IV fluids to enhance excretion of amphetamines
Vitamin C
