Bioterrorism 5 Q (with other one)

Question 1

The smallpox vaccine is called ___

Answer 1

Vaccinia

Question 2

In non-emergent situations, the vaccine is contraindicated for..

Answer 2

• a serious allergic reaction to a vaccine or vaccine component
• immunosuppressed recipient or household contact
• pregnant recipient or household contact
• breastfeeding
• eczema or contact dermatitis in recipient or household contact
• children < 12 months
• moderate or severe acute illness

Question 3

In emergent situations, when the recipient is exposed, there are ____ contraindications for the vaccine (benefits outweigh the risks)

Answer 3

NO

Question 4

When administering the vaccine, the use of gloves is recommended, those administering the vaccine should be vaccinated, and healthcare workers with contraindications to the vaccine should not ____ or _____ the vaccine

Answer 4

handle or administer

Question 5

A special _____ needle is used

Answer 5

bifurcated

Question 6

The needle should be removed from the _____ packaging and dipped into the vaccine solution

Answer 6

sterile

Question 7

True or False: you can re-dip the needle into the vaccine solution once it has touched the person’s skin

Answer 7

FALSE

Question 8

When administering, the skin on the arm is made taut, and the skin is pricked _____ for the recommended number of times that is on the label.

Answer 8

rapidly

Question 9

Afterward, the site is covered with a sterile dressing to prevent ______ of the virus

Answer 9

dissemination

Question 10

Hands should be washed after ____ contact with the either the vaccine site or any materials that has come into contact with the site

Answer 10

EVERY

Question 11

When preparing the skin for injection, _____, soap, and water are not needed unless grossly contaminated

Answer 11

alcohol

Question 12

Skin must be thoroughly dry before administering in order to prevent _______ of the vaccine

Answer 12

inactivation

Question 13

Expected findings include:

Answer 13

swelling and tenderness of axillary lymph nodes, fever, malaise, headache, muscle aches/chills

Question 14

___ to ___ days after the primary vaccination, a papule develops at the inoculation site

Answer 14

3 to 5

Question 15

Around day 7 after vaccination, a _____ surrounded by erythema forms around the site; also called “Jennerian vesicle”

Answer 15

vesicle

Question 16

Erythema subsides after day 12, the pustule dries, and a crust develops ___ to ___ weeks after.

Answer 16

2 to 3

Question 17

By the end of the third week, the crust separates, leaving a ______ _____ at the vaccination site

Answer 17

permanent scar

Question 18

______ ______ ______ is an antibody that limits viral replications and is administered as soon as possible after the onset of: inadvertent inoculation, generalized vaccinia, eczema vaccinatum, and progressive vaccinia.

Answer 18

Vaccinia Immune Globulin (VIG)

Question 19

Smallpox is most often transmitted through direct, face-to-face contact via

Answer 19

respiratory droplets

Question 20

Personal protective equipment includes the use of gloves, gowns, shoe covers, and an _____ mask

Answer 20

N95

Question 21

An asymptomatic (vaccinated) patient is not considered infectious and can be managed at ____

Answer 21

home

Question 22

These asymptomatic persons will monitor for 2 successive fevers greater than or equal to

Answer 22

101 degrees F

Question 23

Decontamination of the air is done via

Answer 23

UV light inactivation

Question 24

Surface decontamination can be done with ____ bleach solutions or hospital disinfectants

Answer 24

diluted

Question 25

For burials, remains must be contained and sealed, NO ___ casket funerals, and cremate if possible

Answer 25

open

Question 26

______ _____ is a geographic location of area where outbreak is occurring and persons are able to move within the isolated area but not outside of it to keep the disease from spreading

Answer 26

Cordon Sanitaire

Question 27

The smallpox incubation periods is ____ to ___ days

Answer 27

7 to 17

Question 28

The clinical case definition of smallpox is...

Answer 28

an illness with acute onset of fever greater than or equal to 101 F followed by a rash characterized by firm, deep-seated vesicles or pustules in the same stage of development without apparent cause.

Question 29

Major criteria for smallpox determination includes

Answer 29

1. a prodrome that begins 1 to 4 days before rash onset (includes fever of >101°F (38.3°C) and at least one of the following symptoms: prostration, headache, backache, chills, vomiting, abdominal pain) 2. Presence of classic smallpox lesions: firm, round, deep-seated pustules. 3. All the lesions are in same stage of development (on any one part of the body). This means that all lesions on the arm or all lesions on the trunk would be all vesicles, all pustular, or all crusting—not a mixture of different skin lesions

Question 30

Minor criteria for smallpox determination includes

Answer 30

1. The lesions have a centrifugal (distal) distribution 2. The first lesions appear on the oral mucosa, face, or forearms 3. The patient appears toxic or moribund (typically a patient is so sick that they are bed ridden) 4. The rash has a slow evolution (each stage 1-2 days) 5. There are lesions on the palms and soles

Question 31

_____ is the most likely to be confused with smallpox

Answer 31

Varicella

Question 32

Differentiating features of varicella and smallpox:

Answer 32

With varicella, lesions are typically in different stages of development. There is a centripetal (central) distribution of the lesions. Lesions rarely appear on the palms of the hands or soles of the feet. The skin lesions in varicella are superficial (described as "dew drop on a rose petal")

Question 33

All patients that present to a hospital with a fever and an acute, generalized vesicular or pustular rash illness should be placed under _____ and ____ precautions.

Answer 33

airborne and contact