Trauma Radiology Flashcards
What are the main pathologies seen on chest x-ray in A&E?
pneumothorax, pneumonia, effusion, pneumoperitoneum
What are the main pathologies seen on abdominal x-ray in A&E?
obstruction & pneumoperitoneum
What is Rigler’s sign?
double wall sign - presence of air along the luminal and peritoneal aspect of the bowel wall
What size of pneumothorax requires intervention?
> 2cm
How can you recognise small bowel on a radiograph?
Has striations all the way across
Transverse/oblique fractures occur due to…
A direct blow
Spiral fractures occur due to…
Twisting injury
What is a communited fracture?
In 2 or more pieces
In which group are Torus/Greenstick fractures found?
Children as bones are softer
What is a torus fracture?
periosteum in-tact but middle distorted
What is a greenstick fracture?
periosteum broken on one side only
How is anatomical neck of the humerus fracture treated?
Replacement of humeral head
How are surgical neck of humerus fractures treated?
Traction sling
Anterior sail sign and posterior fat pad sign suggests…
radial head fracture in adults or supracondylar fracture in children
What is a Colles fracture?
distal radius with dorsal angulation
Which fracture frequently happens with a Colles fracture?
Ulnar styloid fracture
What is a Smith’s fracture?
distal radial fracture with volar displacement
Which complication is associated with scaphoid fracture?
AVN
What proportion of patients with scaphoid fracture are at risk of AVN?
1/3
What is the importance of location in # NOF?
If extra-capsular then you will maintain blood supply
What is the gold standard treatment for intra-capsular #NOF ?
Total arthroplasty
Inter-trochanteric #NOF should be treated using…
Dynamic hip screw
Sub-trochanteric # NOF should be treated using…
Intra-medullary nail
Which feature of ankle fracture may determine treatment?
talar shift – if minimal, can just use a cast
