Trauma Pre-Test Flashcards
Diffuse axonal injury presentation
- Pt typically present unconscious and remain in a coma for a prolonged period of time
- 33% mortality rate
most common location of cardiac contusion
The right ventricle because it is most anterior aspect of the heart and closest to the sternum.
Class I hemorrhage is characterized by ______ blood loss
- 0% to 15%
- minimal clinical signs
Class II hemorrhage is characterized by ______ blood loss
- 15% to 30%
- exhibits tachycardia
- Narrowed Pulse Pressure
Class III hemorrhage is characterized by _____ blood loss
30% to 40%
- ↑ RR
- HR > 120)
- ↓ systolic BP
- ↓ urine output
- delayed capillary refill
- AMS
Class IV hemorrhage is characterized by _______ blood loss
greater than 40%
obvious shock HR > 140 ↓ systolic BP extremely narrow pulse pressure scant urine output delayed capillary refill confusion lethargy
Most commonly damaged organ in blunt abdominal trauma
1- spleen
second-most commonly injured intra-abdominal organ in blunt ab trauma
2- liver
Class IV hemorrhage s/s
obvious shock HR > 140 ↓ systolic BP extremely narrow pulse pressure scant urine output delayed capillary refill confusion lethargy
Fastest way to decrease ICP
hyperventilation–> vasoconstriction –> ↓ ICP by 25% within 30 seconds
Pulmonary contusion s/s
↑ RR ↑ HR
↓ BP ↓ o2
chest wall bruising
dyspnea/ cyanosis
Hemoptysis 50% of cases
Class 3 hemorrhage s/s
- ↑ RR
- HR > 120)
- ↓ systolic BP
- ↓ urine output
- delayed capillary refill
- AMS
Trauma is the leading cause of death between the ages of
1 and 44 years
space between the right kidney and liver is known as
Morison pouch
-minimum amount of intraperitoneal fluid for detection by US is ~ 70 cc.
Beck triad
hypotension, JVD, and muffled heart sounds
