Trauma/CVD/Hemorrhages Flashcards
Usually with skull fracture to temporal bone
Ruptures middle meningeal artery
lucid interval for several hours as blood accum.
Epidural Hematoma
Bridging Veins ruptured
Slower leak
headaches, contralateral weakness, seizures
Subdural hematoma
Result of traumatic brain injury?
diffuse axonal injury (shearing injuries)
Which cell populations are selectively vulnerable to global ischemia?
Sommer sector of hippocampus
Purkinje cells in cerebellum
Layers 3 and 5 of cortex
What is special about the trifurcation of the middle cerebral artery?
main site of occlusion by emboli
When might venous sinus thrombosis occur?
dehydration, phelbitis and neoplasms
- From long standing hypertension
- Lipohyalinosis
- Charcot Bouchard Aneurysms-along trunk of arteriole
- Severe headache and coma
- Contralateral hemiparesis
intracerebral hemorrhage
- Balloon outpouchings of cerebral arteries that can rupture
- common at branch points of circle of willis
- “worst headache of my life”
- headache, coma, neurologic deficits and rebleeding
saccular aneurysms
tangle of arteries and veins
enlarges with time by recruiting vessels
AV malformations
Name that herniation!
- Confusions and drowsiness
- ACA displaced causing contralateral lower extrem weakness and urinary incontinence
cingulate herniation
Name that herniation!
- CN3: ipsilateral pupil dilation and paresis of extraocular muscles (eye looks out)
- ipsilateral hemiparesis
Uncal Herniation
Name that herniation!
-duret hemorrhages-from downward displacement of brainstem
central herniation of both hemispheres-can be seen in combination with uncal herniation as secondary
Name that herniation!
-lethal compression of medullary centers
cerebellar tonsillar herniation
rapid IV correction of hyponatremia in alcoholics can cause….
Central Pontine Myelinolyis
