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AP II Final Exam > Trauma > Flashcards

Trauma Flashcards

2
Q

What is the leading cause of death in the first 4 decades?

A

trauma injury50% of all deaths between 5-34

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3
Q

what percentage of trauma related deaths are immediate?

A

50%

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4
Q

what are the ABCDE of trauma evaluation?

A

A = airwayB = breathingC = circulationD = disabilityE = exposure

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5
Q

what is the assumed induction plan for a trauma patient?

A

RSI !!!C-spine precautions for every pt until cleared

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6
Q

In the event of a PTX what is one thing you should never give?

A

N2O will exacerbate it

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7
Q

define tension PTX

A

progressive build up of air in the pleural space due to lung laceration which causes a one way valve for air flow into pleural space

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8
Q

what is the main role of anesthesia in the OR for trauma?

A

management of shock!

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9
Q

define shock

A

circulatory failure leading to inadequate organ perfusion and oxygen delivery

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10
Q

what are the symptoms of shock?

A

pallordiaphoresisagitationhypotensiontachycardiadiminished urine outputnarrow pulse pressure

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11
Q

what are the 4 main types of shock?

A

hypovolemic (blood loss)cardiogenic (pump failure/dysrhythmias)obstructive (PTX/tamponade/PE)distributive (septic/neurogenic)

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12
Q

a glascow coma score of ___ usually requires intubation

A

<8

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13
Q

What is an ISS?

A

Injury Severity Score-muti-injury scoring system-assigns a score to six regions of body

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14
Q

What is FAST?

A

Focused Assessment by Sonography in Trauma (+ result means there’s blood somewhere there shouldn’t be)

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15
Q

TBI short for ____ ______ _____ are responsible for _____% of trauma deaths

A

Traumatic Brain Injury50%

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16
Q

what is the cushing triad?

A

HypotensionBradycardiaRespiratory disturbance

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17
Q

what is a normal CPP value? and how is it calculated?

A

80-100mmHgCPP = MAP - ICP

18
Q

what induction drug can you not give 48hrs post-trauma?

A

sux

19
Q

what is cardiac tamponade? and how can it be diagnosed?

A

collection of fluid/blood in pericardial sacBeck’s triad = JVD, hypotension, muffled heart tonesTEE or + FAST

20
Q

What is the motto for Cardiac Tamponade treatment?

A

“Tight, light, fast, full”-Tight vessels-Light anesthesia-Fast HR-Full of fluids

21
Q

What is the induction agent of choice for cardiac tamponade?

A

ketamine

22
Q

what are the most common abdominal trauma seen in OR?

A

Spleen and Liver lacerations

23
Q

GSW require what type of procedure?

A

laparotomy…unknown bullet path

24
Q

what is an important consideration for pelvic and femur fx?

A

hypovolemic shockhigh occurance of sepsis

25
Q

what is compartment syndrome and when is immediate surgical intervention needed?

A

swelling within a compartment of an extremity that causes decreased perfusion and nerve damage due to pressure build up-30mmHg req. fasciotomy

26
Q

What is the induction agent of choice for the unstable trauma patient?…..if they are hemodynamically unstable?

A

etomidateketamine (no brain injuries)

27
Q

why can propofol be dangerous for a pt in shock?

A

drop in SVR could cause cv collapse

28
Q

what are the main fluid resuscitation goals for the trauma patient?

A
  1. maintain circulating volume2. restore oxygen carrying capacity3. correction of coagulopathy
29
Q

PRBC universal donor?

A

O neg

30
Q

what qualifies as a massive transfusion?

A

-one blood volume loss in 24 hrs (5-7L)-4 or more PRBC in 1 hr-50% blood volume loss in 3 hrs

31
Q

What is an important consideration when administering fluids to a trauma pt?

A

warm them!

32
Q

what is a main concern/complication from transfusions?

A

dilutional coagulopathy

33
Q

citrate intoxication causes a serious decrease in what ion?

A

Calcium

34
Q

after admistering several units of PRBC, you can expect what of the K+ levels?

A

increase

35
Q

Why is temperature management so important?

A

<34*C severely inhibits enzymatic reactions of coagulation cascade

36
Q

What is TIC? and how can it be combatted?

A

Trauma induced Coagulopathygive FFP (warmed)give cryogive platelets

AP II Final Exam (11 decks)

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