The Heart Flashcards
Where is the heart located?
2/3 left of midsternal line
What is the function of the fibrous pericardium? (3)
protect
anchor to surrounding structures ie diaphragm, aorta, SVC, IVC
prevent overfilling
What is the epicardium consist of?
mesothelium, thin connective tissue
What does the myocardium consist of? (4)
contractile tissue
muscle cells
conduction system
fibrous skeleton
What does the endocardium consist of? (2)
valves
is continuous with the endothelium of vessels
What are the cross-striated cardiac muscle cells called?
myocytes
What are interconnected cells that form a network of spiral and circular bundles known as?
fibrous skeleton
What side of the heart supplies the pulmonary circuit and delivers deO2 blood to lungs?
right
Label:
What is the right AV valve?
What is the left AV valve?
tricuspid
bicuspid aka mitral
What are the semilunar valves and where are they located?
pulmonary valve in RV
aortic valve in LV
What phase is this?
What is the fibrous skeleton made of?
collagen
What is the function of the fibrous skeleton? (5)
- keeps orifices of 4 valves patent & prevents over distension
- provides attachment for cusps
- provides attachment for myocardium
- provides passage for AV conduction
- acts as an electrical insulator by separating atria & ventricles so they can contract independently
Where is the fibrous skeleton found?
rings around valves
membranous parts of interatrial and interventricular septa
Where does the right atrium receive deoxygenated blood from? (4)
- SVC
- IVC
- coronary sinus
- Thebesian vein
What is the order of blood flow through the heart?
RA
Tricuspid valve
RV
Pulmonary valve
Pulmonary trunk
Left and right pulmonary arteries
Lungs
Pulmonary veins
LA
Bicuspid, mitral valve
LV
Aortic valve
Aorta
SVC and IVC
RA
In the fetal heart, where is IVC flow directed?
fossa ovale
What is the fetal vein and what is its function?
IVC
It carries O2 filled blood from the placenta so blood flows from RA to LA bypassing the lungs.
Where is the ductus arteriosus found and what is its function?
Pulmonary artery vessel to aorta
Diverts blood from RV to directly to the aorta. It is also a shunt.
Ductus arteriosus allows blood to flow to either into the: (2)
lungs
aorta
Where does oxygenated blood for the fetus come from?
umbilical vein
IVC
Most of the oxygenated blood reaching the heart via the umbilical vein and IVC is diverted through the foramen ovale and pumped out the aorta to the head. True or false?
true
The deoxygenated blood returned via the SVC is mostly pumped through the pulmonary artery and ductus arteriosus to the feet and the umbilical arteries. True or false?
true
What does the coarctation of the aorta produce?
High bp in head
Low bp inferiorly
Note: It is a congenital defect.
Identify:
RCA
Right marginal branch
LCA
Circumflex of LCA
Left marginal
Lateral branch of anterior interventricular artery
Left posterior IV artery
Label
Where do the these drain?
great cardiac veins
middle cardiac veins
coronary sinus
anterior surgace
posterior surface
posterior wall of RA
What parts of the heart does the following arteries supply?
RCA
Right marginal branch
Right posterior intraventricular branch
RA
RA, RV
posterior RV
What parts of the heart does the following arteries supply?
LCA
Left circumflex
Left posterior interventricular branch
LA
LA and posterior LV
anterior wall, ventricles, IV septum
