Trauma

Question 1

what is trauma the most common cause of (affecting the perm. incisors)?

Answer 1

pulpal necrosis

Question 2

trauma common at what ages?

Answer 2

2-4yrs
8-10yrs
14-16yrs

Question 3

an increased overjet causes increased trauma, what can be done to fix this?

Answer 3

ortho

mouthguard

Question 4

how to asses pt presenting with trauma?

Answer 4

check for head injury
assess dental or facial injury
does story fit
is there bits of the tooth
emergency tx to stabilise
clean tooth
ref for tx
document

Question 5

what does a tooth injury involve and how does it happen?

Answer 5

crown/root fracture

impact against something hard

Question 6

what does a socket injury involve and how does it happen?

Answer 6

tooth intact but displaced/loosened in socket

impact against something soft - fist/elbows

Question 7

bacteria in a broken tooth can enter the pulp, how can this be managed?

Answer 7

cover all dentine and check for vitality

Question 8

how does necrosis of the pulp tend to happen?

Answer 8

movement of the tooth will sever the blood vessels entering the pulp apically

Question 9

what is luxation?

Answer 9

displacement of teeth in alveolar bone

Question 10

what are the 4 types of luxation?

Answer 10

concussion
subluxation
intrusive luxation
extrusive/lateral luxation

Question 11

what is concussion?

Answer 11

injury without displacement or mobility

Question 12

what is subluxation?

Answer 12

tooth is mobile but not displaced - minor damage to the pdl = increased risk of bacterial entry - oh needs to be very good

Question 13

teeth that are concussed or sub luxated are TTP, why?

Answer 13

haemorrhage or odeama in the ligament

ging bleeding and mobility occur only if subluxated

Question 14

if a tooth is mobile do not what?

check vitality when?

Answer 14

TTP

one week post trauma

Question 15

how do you tx a tooth that is concussed or sub luxated?

Answer 15

periapicals
soft diet for 1 week
check immunisation - e.g tetanus

Question 16

what is intrusive luxation?

Answer 16

most common in upper incisors

palatal or superior displacement of the crown

Question 17

how do you tx an in itrusive luxated tooth if the crown is visible and there is minimal alveolar displacement?
if the crown is not visible?

Answer 17

leave to re erupt

extract

Question 18

how is extrusive/lateral luxation treated?

Answer 18

dependent on extent of displacement or mobility

excessive mobility - extract

Question 19

what is the tx of an avulsed primary tooth?

Answer 19

avulsed primary teeth should not be replanted - may damage developing tooth germ
if replanted and viable leave in situ

Question 20

what is the tx of an avulsed permanent tooth?

Answer 20

replant immediately

bite gently on a clean hanky

Question 21

how do you treat an uncomplicated fracture of a deciduous tooth?

Answer 21

smooth enamel/dentine with a disc

restore with GI/compomer

Question 22

how might a fracture of a deciduous tooth be more complicated?

Answer 22

pulpal involvement
sub gingival
multiple fractures in tooth

Question 23

how do you treat a complicated fracture?

Answer 23

remove a loose fragment
remaining - XLA
small pieces safely remaining - leave in situ

Question 24

if a root is fractures check what?

Answer 24

signs of pulpal necrosis
excessive mobility
sinus formation
= remove coronal portion

Question 25

if a crown of a perm tooth is fractures and close to pulp, do what?

Answer 25

stabilise with composite and

pulp involved - see dentist

Question 26

poss damage that can happen to teeth as a result of trauma?

Answer 26

necrosis of primary pulp - grey discolouration/ poss abscess formation
internal resorption of primary tooth
anklyosis of primary tooth
hypoplasia of successory teeth
crown root dilaceration
resorption of perm tooth germ