Trauma Flashcards
what is trauma the most common cause of (affecting the perm. incisors)?
pulpal necrosis
trauma common at what ages?
2-4yrs
8-10yrs
14-16yrs
an increased overjet causes increased trauma, what can be done to fix this?
ortho
mouthguard
how to asses pt presenting with trauma?
check for head injury assess dental or facial injury does story fit is there bits of the tooth emergency tx to stabilise clean tooth ref for tx document
what does a tooth injury involve and how does it happen?
crown/root fracture
impact against something hard
what does a socket injury involve and how does it happen?
tooth intact but displaced/loosened in socket
impact against something soft - fist/elbows
bacteria in a broken tooth can enter the pulp, how can this be managed?
cover all dentine and check for vitality
how does necrosis of the pulp tend to happen?
movement of the tooth will sever the blood vessels entering the pulp apically
what is luxation?
displacement of teeth in alveolar bone
what are the 4 types of luxation?
concussion
subluxation
intrusive luxation
extrusive/lateral luxation
what is concussion?
injury without displacement or mobility
what is subluxation?
tooth is mobile but not displaced - minor damage to the pdl = increased risk of bacterial entry - oh needs to be very good
teeth that are concussed or sub luxated are TTP, why?
haemorrhage or odeama in the ligament
ging bleeding and mobility occur only if subluxated
if a tooth is mobile do not what?
check vitality when?
TTP
one week post trauma
how do you tx a tooth that is concussed or sub luxated?
periapicals
soft diet for 1 week
check immunisation - e.g tetanus
what is intrusive luxation?
most common in upper incisors
palatal or superior displacement of the crown
how do you tx an in itrusive luxated tooth if the crown is visible and there is minimal alveolar displacement?
if the crown is not visible?
leave to re erupt
extract
how is extrusive/lateral luxation treated?
dependent on extent of displacement or mobility
excessive mobility - extract
what is the tx of an avulsed primary tooth?
avulsed primary teeth should not be replanted - may damage developing tooth germ
if replanted and viable leave in situ
what is the tx of an avulsed permanent tooth?
replant immediately
bite gently on a clean hanky
how do you treat an uncomplicated fracture of a deciduous tooth?
smooth enamel/dentine with a disc
restore with GI/compomer
how might a fracture of a deciduous tooth be more complicated?
pulpal involvement
sub gingival
multiple fractures in tooth
how do you treat a complicated fracture?
remove a loose fragment
remaining - XLA
small pieces safely remaining - leave in situ
if a root is fractures check what?
signs of pulpal necrosis
excessive mobility
sinus formation
= remove coronal portion
if a crown of a perm tooth is fractures and close to pulp, do what?
stabilise with composite and
pulp involved - see dentist
poss damage that can happen to teeth as a result of trauma?
necrosis of primary pulp - grey discolouration/ poss abscess formation internal resorption of primary tooth anklyosis of primary tooth hypoplasia of successory teeth crown root dilaceration resorption of perm tooth germ
