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Paeds > Disorders of tooth formation > Flashcards

Disorders of tooth formation Flashcards

1
Q

what is hypodontia?

A

failure of development

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2
Q

what is anodontia?

A

total lack of teeth

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3
Q

what is hyperdentia?

A

supernumeraries

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4
Q

if there are missing primary teeth what are the chances of the perm teeth are missing?

A

30-50%

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5
Q

Tx of missing teeth?

A

full and partial dentures

implants

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6
Q

what do missing teeth often present with?

A

small teeth

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7
Q

what is the incidence of supernumerary teeth?

A

more in perm dentition
more in males
if in primary - 30-50% chance in secondary

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8
Q

what is the name of a supernumerary teeth in the anterior maxilla?

A

mesiodens

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9
Q

what are the names of supernumeraries in the molars?

A

paramolars/distomolars

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10
Q

are supernumeraries more common in the maxilla or mandible?

A

5:1 maxilla : mandible

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11
Q

supernumeraries usually idiopathic, may be associated with?

A

cleidocondrial dysplasia

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12
Q

what is megadontia?

A

teeth larger than normal
rare
pituitary gigantism
all teeth are rarer

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13
Q

what is microdontia?

A

teeth are smaller than normal
maxl laterals and 3rd molars
max laterals - peg shaped
more common in females

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14
Q

what background are shorter roots more common in ?

A

oriental background

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15
Q

what background are longer roots more common in?

A

african background

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16
Q

how might someone have smaller jaws?

A

irradiation of jaws/chemo during root formation

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17
Q

what are double teeth/germination?

A

developmental separation of a single tooth germ = 2 separate teeh
cause unknown
rare
anterior/deciduous are most affected

18
Q

what are double teeth/fusion?

A

union of 2 separate adjacent germs

more common in primary

19
Q

what is concrescence?

A

joining of 2 teeth by cementum - one could be supernumerary

20
Q

what is concrescence caused by?

A

trauma/crowding - root surfaces in close proximity

maxillary molars commonly affected

21
Q

what is dilaceration?

A 
gross disruption of root formation
trauma to tooth germ during root development
remainder forms at an angle
occurs anywhere on root surface
discovered on radiograph
can impede tooth eruption
22
Q

what is invagination?

A

infolding of palatal surface of crown and lined with enamel, sometimes extending into root - dilaceration
normal/malformed crown with deep pit or crevice in area of cingulum
tooth in tooth
pear shaped enamel mass in dentine surrounded by a radiolucency

23
Q

who is invagination common in?

A

males
chinese
maxillary laterals

24
Q

how to tx invagination?

A

FS after eruption
vitality test/radiograph
endo if pulpal involvement

25
Q

what is evagination?

A

small tubercle on an occlusal surface of premolar in centre of fissure pattern

26
Q

who is evagination more common in?

A

chinese

27
Q

what is the tx of evagination?

A

fractures off/wears down

Xray - pulpal involvement?

28
Q

what is a talon cusp?

A

horn like projection of cingulum of max incisors - may reach incisal contact with lower anteriors

29
Q

how to tx a talon cusp

A 
FS margins
poss pulpectomy
no tx if no occlusal interference
radiograph - pulp involvement?
remove tubercle and pulpotomy if required
30
Q

what is tauorodontism?

A

bull like teeth - molars have vertically enlarged pulp chambers @ expense of roots

31
Q

what is amelogenesis imperfecta?

A

generalised enamel defects affecting all teeth of the primary and permanent dentition
genetic

32
Q

what is hypoplasia?

A

deficient enamel matrix

thinner enamel, grooves/pits, glossy, hard or translucent

33
Q

what is hypomineralisation?

A 
defect in mineralisation
normal thickness but very soft
discoloured yellow/brown
opaque and chalky
prone to caries - weak enamel
chips easy
34
Q

how do you treat localised defects?

A

crowns etc

35
Q

how do you treat generalised defects?

A

treat aesthetics, sensitivity, poor oh and staining

36
Q

what is dentinogenesis imperfecta?

A 
may or may not be associated with osteogenesis imperfecta
primary and secondary 
opalescent grey/brown
enamel flakes off bc poor adhesion
deciduous - pulpal exposures likely
perm less severely affected
37
Q

what is congenital syphilis?

A

treponema pallidium in dental follicle

transmitted via placenta associated with blindness deafness and paralysis

38
Q

what are the 3 types of tooth abnormalities as a result of syphilis?

A
  1. hutchinsons incisors
  2. mulbery molars
  3. moons molars
39
Q

what are hutchinsons incisors?

A

upper centrals with a notch at the incisal edge

mesiodistal narrowing of incisal portioj = ant open bite

40
Q

what are mulberry molars?

A

1st perm molars
occlusal surface is rough and pittd
compressed nodules - no cusps

41
Q

what are moons molars?

A

1st perm molars

round/dome shaped

42
Q

what is enamel pearl?

A

small spherical projection on root surface
abnormal displacement of ameloblasts during tooth formation
max molars commonly affected
attached to cementum near root formation
often mistook for calculus

Paeds (13 decks)

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