Trauma Flashcards
What questions are important to ask in nasal trauma?
Mechanism of injury Bleeding and for how long LOC Breathing difficulties Loss of sensation
How long does it take for nasal swelling to settle down?
3-5 days
What nerve can be damaged to the cheek?
Infraorbital
What is a septal haematoma?
A blood engorgement within the perichondrium, adjacent to the septum
Why does a haematoma need to be drained?
Cartilage gains nutrients from surrounding mucosa so becomes necrotic if surrounded by blood tumour
Which of the LEGS arteries is most likely to bleed?
Anterior ethmoid
Why might anosmia develop?
Cribiform plate fracture
What is the correct way to stop a nosebleed?
Squeeze ala together and lean forward
What is a rapid rhino pack?
Tube that fills up with air and the pressure exerted stops the artery from bleeding
What is another name for a pinna haematoma?
Cauliflower ear
How is an ear laceration managed?
Debridement
Closure under LA
Antibiotics
What is bruising behind the ear, associated with a temporal fracture called?
Battle sign
What are the two types of temporal bone fracture?
Longitudinal
Transverse
Which is the most common temporal bone fracture?
Longitudinal
What are common symptoms of longitudinal temporal bone fractures?
CSF otorrhoea
Bleeding from external canal
Ossicular chain disruption leading to conductive deafness
What makes a longitudinal fracture more likely than a transverse?
If the blow comes from the side
What might be present in a transverse temporal bone fracture?
Damage to the 8th cranial nerve
Facial nerve palsy
What kind of things cause a conductive hearing loss?
Fluid e.g. effusion, blood or CSF
TM perforation
Otosclerosis
What is otosclerosis?
Fixation of stapes to oval window
Where is the problem in sensorineural hearing loss?
Cochlea
8th cranial nerve
What point is the weak point in maxillary fractures?
Infraorbital groove
What is a tear drop sign?
On CT
Trauma to the orbit.
Herniation of orbital contents into maxilla
If Le Fort fracture suspected, what imaging is done?
Xray first but CT for diagnosis
What if unilateral nose discharge?
Think nasal tumour
